मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-130, verse-49
ततो रोषात्समारुह्य तं दमस्य तदा रथम् ।
महानन्दो महावीर्यो दमेन युयुधे सह ॥४९॥
महानन्दो महावीर्यो दमेन युयुधे सह ॥४९॥
49. tato roṣātsamāruhya taṃ damasya tadā ratham .
mahānando mahāvīryo damena yuyudhe saha.
mahānando mahāvīryo damena yuyudhe saha.
49.
tatas roṣāt samāruhya tam damasya tadā ratham
mahānandaḥ mahāvīryaḥ damena yuyudhe saha
mahānandaḥ mahāvīryaḥ damena yuyudhe saha
49.
Then, in a fit of rage, the greatly powerful Mahānanda mounted Dama's chariot and fought against Dama.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ततस् (tatas) - then, therefrom
- रोषात् (roṣāt) - from anger, out of rage
- समारुह्य (samāruhya) - having mounted, having ascended
- तम् (tam) - that
- दमस्य (damasya) - of Dama
- तदा (tadā) - then, at that time
- रथम् (ratham) - chariot
- महानन्दः (mahānandaḥ) - Mahānanda
- महावीर्यः (mahāvīryaḥ) - greatly powerful, very valorous
- दमेन (damena) - with Dama
- युयुधे (yuyudhe) - he fought
- सह (saha) - with, together with
Words meanings and morphology
ततस् (tatas) - then, therefrom
(indeclinable)
Ablative suffix '-tas' added to 'tad'
Note: Indicates a temporal sequence.
रोषात् (roṣāt) - from anger, out of rage
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of roṣa
roṣa - anger, wrath, rage
From root 'ruṣ' (to be angry)
Root: ruṣ (class 4)
Note: Indicates the cause or motivation.
समारुह्य (samāruhya) - having mounted, having ascended
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund) with prefixes
From root 'ruh' with prefixes 'sam' and 'ā', using suffix '-lyaP'
Prefixes: sam+ā
Root: ruh (class 1)
Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb 'yuyudhe'.
तम् (tam) - that
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Qualifies 'ratham'.
दमस्य (damasya) - of Dama
(proper noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of dama
dama - Dama (proper name), self-restraint
Root: dam (class 1)
Note: Indicates possession, 'Dama's chariot'.
तदा (tadā) - then, at that time
(indeclinable)
From 'tad' (that) with adverbial suffix '-dā' for time
Note: Adverb of time.
रथम् (ratham) - chariot
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha
ratha - chariot, car
From root 'ram' (to sport, to enjoy)
Root: ram (class 1)
Note: Direct object of 'samāruhya'.
महानन्दः (mahānandaḥ) - Mahānanda
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mahānanda
mahānanda - Mahānanda (proper name), great joy
Karmadhāraya compound of 'mahā' (great) and 'ānanda' (joy)
Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ānanda)
- mahā – great, large
adjective (feminine)
Feminine stem of 'mahat', used as a compound-forming element - ānanda – joy, bliss
noun (masculine)
Prefix: ā
Root: nand (class 1)
Note: Subject of the main verb 'yuyudhe'.
महावीर्यः (mahāvīryaḥ) - greatly powerful, very valorous
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāvīrya
mahāvīrya - one possessing great valor or strength
Bahuvrīhi compound, meaning 'one whose valor is great', of 'mahā' (great) and 'vīrya' (valor/power)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+vīrya)
- mahā – great, large
adjective (feminine)
Feminine stem of 'mahat', used as a compound-forming element - vīrya – valor, strength, energy, power
noun (neuter)
From root 'vīr' (to be strong)
Root: vīr (class 10)
Note: Qualifies 'mahānandaḥ'.
दमेन (damena) - with Dama
(proper noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of dama
dama - Dama (proper name), self-restraint
Root: dam (class 1)
Note: Indicates companionship in the fight, used with 'saha'.
युयुधे (yuyudhe) - he fought
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of yudh
Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice
Reduplicated perfect form from root 'yudh'
Root: yudh (class 4)
सह (saha) - with, together with
(indeclinable)
Note: Governs the instrumental case ('damena').