मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम् mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam - chapter-130, verse-47

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तमायान्तं दमो दृष्ट्वा खड्गपाणिं महामृधे ।
मुमोच शरवर्षाणि वर्षाणीव पुरन्दरः ॥४७॥

47. tamāyāntaṃ damo dṛṣṭvā khaḍgapāṇiṃ mahāmṛdhe .
mumoca śaravarṣāṇi varṣāṇīva purandaraḥ.

47. tam āyāntam damaḥ dṛṣṭvā khaḍgapāṇim mahāmṛdhe
mumoca śaravarṣāṇi varṣāṇi iva purandaraḥ

47. In the great battle, Dama, upon seeing him approaching with a sword in hand, released showers of arrows, just as Purandara (Indra) unleashes rain showers.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

तम् (tam) - him, that

आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - approaching, coming

दमः (damaḥ) - Dama

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, perceiving

खड्गपाणिम् (khaḍgapāṇim) - sword-in-hand, holding a sword

महामृधे (mahāmṛdhe) - in the great battle, in the great conflict

मुमोच (mumoca) - he released, he cast, he threw

शरवर्षाणि (śaravarṣāṇi) - showers of arrows, volleys of arrows

वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - showers of rain, rains

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

पुरन्दरः (purandaraḥ) - Purandara, Indra, destroyer of cities

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the opponent approaching.

आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - approaching, coming

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āyānt

āyānt - approaching, coming

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'yā' with prefix 'ā', present participle ending '-at'

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'tam' (him).

दमः (damaḥ) - Dama

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dama

dama - Dama (proper name), self-restraint

Root: dam (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, perceiving

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'dṛś' with suffix '-tvā'

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb.

खड्गपाणिम् (khaḍgapāṇim) - sword-in-hand, holding a sword

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of khaḍgapāṇin

khaḍgapāṇin - one who holds a sword in hand

Bahuvrīhi compound, derived from 'khaḍga' (sword) and 'pāṇi' (hand), with '-in' suffix for possession

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (khaḍga+pāṇi)

khaḍga – sword
noun (masculine)
pāṇi – hand
noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'tam' (him).

महामृधे (mahāmṛdhe) - in the great battle, in the great conflict

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of mahāmṛdh

mahāmṛdh - great battle, great conflict

Karmadhāraya compound of 'mahā' (great) and 'mṛdh' (battle)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+mṛdh)

mahā – great, large
adjective (feminine)
Feminine stem of 'mahat', used as a compound-forming element
mṛdh – battle, fight, combat
noun (feminine)
Root: mṛdh (class 4)

Note: Indicates the location of the action.

मुमोच (mumoca) - he released, he cast, he threw

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of muc

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Reduplicated perfect form from root 'muc'

Root: muc (class 6)

शरवर्षाणि (śaravarṣāṇi) - showers of arrows, volleys of arrows

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of śaravarṣa

śaravarṣa - shower of arrows, volley of arrows

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'śara' (arrow) and 'varṣa' (rain/shower)