मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-130, verse-41
एषातिशोभना बाला चार्वङ्गी मदिरेक्षणा ।
किं तस्य जन्मना भार्या न यस्येयं कुलोद्भवा ॥४१॥
किं तस्य जन्मना भार्या न यस्येयं कुलोद्भवा ॥४१॥
41. eṣātiśobhanā bālā cārvaṅgī madirekṣaṇā .
kiṃ tasya janmanā bhāryā na yasyeyaṃ kulodbhavā.
kiṃ tasya janmanā bhāryā na yasyeyaṃ kulodbhavā.
41.
eṣā atiśobhanā bālā cārvāṅgī madirekṣaṇā kim
tasya janmanā bhāryā na yasya iyam kulodbhavā
tasya janmanā bhāryā na yasya iyam kulodbhavā
41.
This maiden is exceedingly beautiful, with graceful limbs (cārvāṅgī) and captivating eyes (madirekṣaṇā). What is the purpose of the birth (janmanā) of a man who does not have such a wife, born of noble lineage (kulodbhavā)?
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- एषा (eṣā) - this, she
- अतिशोभना (atiśobhanā) - very beautiful, exceedingly lovely
- बाला (bālā) - young girl, maiden
- चार्वाङ्गी (cārvāṅgī) - having beautiful limbs, graceful-bodied
- मदिरेक्षणा (madirekṣaṇā) - having intoxicating/captivating eyes
- किम् (kim) - what, why
- तस्य (tasya) - of him, his
- जन्मना (janmanā) - by birth, by life
- भार्या (bhāryā) - wife
- न (na) - not, no
- यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom
- इयम् (iyam) - this, she
- कुलोद्भवा (kulodbhavā) - born of a family/lineage, of noble birth
Words meanings and morphology
एषा (eṣā) - this, she
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of etad
etad - this, that, she, he, it
अतिशोभना (atiśobhanā) - very beautiful, exceedingly lovely
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of atiśobhanā
atiśobhana - very beautiful, exceedingly lovely
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ati+śobhana)
- ati – exceedingly, very, beyond
indeclinable - śobhana – beautiful, handsome, auspicious, shining
adjective (masculine)
Present Active Participle (secondary derivative)
From root śubh (to shine, to be beautiful) + ana (suffix).
Root: śubh (class 1)
बाला (bālā) - young girl, maiden
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of bālā
bālā - young girl, maiden, child (feminine)
चार्वाङ्गी (cārvāṅgī) - having beautiful limbs, graceful-bodied
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of cārvāṅgī
cārvāṅga - having beautiful limbs, graceful-bodied
Compound type : bahuvrihi (cāru+aṅga)
- cāru – beautiful, lovely, charming, agreeable
adjective (masculine) - aṅga – limb, body part, member
noun (neuter)
मदिरेक्षणा (madirekṣaṇā) - having intoxicating/captivating eyes
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of madirekṣaṇā
madirekṣaṇa - having intoxicating/captivating eyes
Compound type : bahuvrihi (madira+īkṣaṇa)
- madira – intoxicating, gladdening, resembling wine
adjective (masculine) - īkṣaṇa – sight, eye, looking
noun (neuter)
From root īkṣ (to see) + ana (suffix).
Root: īkṣ (class 1)
किम् (kim) - what, why
(indeclinable)
तस्य (tasya) - of him, his
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
जन्मना (janmanā) - by birth, by life
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of janman
janman - birth, origin, existence, life
From root jan (to be born) + man (suffix).
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Used in an idiom 'kim X-nā' meaning 'what is the use of X?'
भार्या (bhāryā) - wife
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of bhāryā
bhāryā - wife, married woman
Gerundive
From root bhṛ (to bear, to support) + ṇyat (gerundive suffix) to mean 'to be supported/maintained', then feminine for 'one to be supported', hence wife.
Root: bhṛ (class 3)
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what
इयम् (iyam) - this, she
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of idam
idam - this, these
कुलोद्भवा (kulodbhavā) - born of a family/lineage, of noble birth
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of kulodbhavā
kulodbhava - born of a family/lineage, of noble birth, produced in a family
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kula+udbhava)
- kula – family, lineage, race, noble stock
noun (neuter) - udbhava – born from, originating from, produced
adjective (masculine)
From upasarga ud- + root bhū (to be) + a (suffix).
Prefix: ud
Root: bhū (class 1)