मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-130, verse-30
मार्कण्डेय उवाच ।
अथ प्रोचुः पुनर्भूपा यैः पूर्वमुदितो नृपः ।
परस्परानुरागेण जातिधर्माश्रितं वचः ॥३०॥
अथ प्रोचुः पुनर्भूपा यैः पूर्वमुदितो नृपः ।
परस्परानुरागेण जातिधर्माश्रितं वचः ॥३०॥
30. mārkaṇḍeya uvāca .
atha procuḥ punarbhūpā yaiḥ pūrvamudito nṛpaḥ .
parasparānurāgeṇa jātidharmāśritaṃ vacaḥ.
atha procuḥ punarbhūpā yaiḥ pūrvamudito nṛpaḥ .
parasparānurāgeṇa jātidharmāśritaṃ vacaḥ.
30.
mārkaṇḍeyaḥ uvāca atha procuḥ punaḥ bhūpāḥ yaiḥ pūrvam
uditaḥ nṛpaḥ parasparānurāgeṇa jātidharmāśritam vacaḥ
uditaḥ nṛpaḥ parasparānurāgeṇa jātidharmāśritam vacaḥ
30.
Mārkaṇḍeya said: Then the kings, by whom the king had previously been addressed, spoke again. Their statement, supported by their mutual agreement, concerned the natural law (dharma) pertaining to castes.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- मार्कण्डेयः (mārkaṇḍeyaḥ) - The sage Mārkaṇḍeya (Mārkaṇḍeya (name of a sage))
- उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)
- अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon)
- प्रोचुः (procuḥ) - they spoke (they said, they spoke)
- पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, moreover, but)
- भूपाः (bhūpāḥ) - the kings (kings, rulers)
- यैः (yaiḥ) - by whom (referring to the kings) (by whom, by which)
- पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously (formerly, previously, before)
- उदितः (uditaḥ) - addressed (spoken, said, arisen)
- नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - the king (king, ruler)
- परस्परानुरागेण (parasparānurāgeṇa) - by their mutual agreement (by mutual affection, by mutual attachment, with mutual agreement)
- जातिधर्माश्रितम् (jātidharmāśritam) - concerning the natural law (dharma) pertaining to castes (dependent on caste-customs, based on specific duties (dharma) of a caste)
- वचः (vacaḥ) - statement (word, speech, statement)
Words meanings and morphology
मार्कण्डेयः (mārkaṇḍeyaḥ) - The sage Mārkaṇḍeya (Mārkaṇḍeya (name of a sage))
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mārkaṇḍeya
mārkaṇḍeya - Mārkaṇḍeya (name of an ancient sage, son of Mṛkaṇḍu)
Patronymic from Mṛkaṇḍu
उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac
Perfect tense form, often irregular.
Root: vac (class 2)
अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon)
(indeclinable)
प्रोचुः (procuḥ) - they spoke (they said, they spoke)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of pravac
Perfect tense form with prefix pra. The root is vac (to speak).
Prefix: pra
Root: vac (class 2)
पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, moreover, but)
(indeclinable)
Can be punar or punaḥ depending on sandhi.
भूपाः (bhūpāḥ) - the kings (kings, rulers)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of bhūpa
bhūpa - king, ruler, lord of the earth
Compound of bhū (earth) and pa (protector, ruler)
Compound type : tatpurusha (bhū+pa)
- bhū – earth, ground, land
noun (feminine) - pa – protector, guardian, ruler
noun (masculine)
agent noun
From root pā (to protect)
Root: pā (class 2)
यैः (yaiḥ) - by whom (referring to the kings) (by whom, by which)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of yad
yad - who, which, what, whoever, whatever
Relative pronoun
पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously (formerly, previously, before)
(indeclinable)
Can be used as an adverb.
उदितः (uditaḥ) - addressed (spoken, said, arisen)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of udita
udita - spoken, said, uttered, arisen, appeared
Past Passive Participle
Past Passive Participle of ud-vad (to speak forth) or ud-i (to rise). Here from ud-vad.
Prefix: ud
Root: vad (class 1)
Note: Refers to the king being addressed.
नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - the king (king, ruler)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa
nṛpa - king, ruler, protector of men
Compound of nṛ (man) and pa (protector)
Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pa)
- nṛ – man, male
noun (masculine) - pa – protector, guardian
noun (masculine)
agent noun
From root pā (to protect)
Root: pā (class 2)
परस्परानुरागेण (parasparānurāgeṇa) - by their mutual agreement (by mutual affection, by mutual attachment, with mutual agreement)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of parasparānurāga
parasparānurāga - mutual affection, mutual attachment, mutual agreement
Compound of paraspara (mutual) and anurāga (affection, attachment)
Compound type : tatpurusha (paraspara+anurāga)
- paraspara – mutual, reciprocal
adjective (masculine) - anurāga – affection, attachment, love, agreement
noun (masculine)
Derived from prefix anu + root rañj (to be colored, delighted)
Prefix: anu
Root: rañj (class 1)
जातिधर्माश्रितम् (jātidharmāśritam) - concerning the natural law (dharma) pertaining to castes (dependent on caste-customs, based on specific duties (dharma) of a caste)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of jātidharmāśrita
jātidharmāśrita - based on caste-dharma, dependent on class-specific duties
Compound of jātidharma (caste duty) and āśrita (dependent on)
Compound type : tatpurusha (jātidharma+āśrita)
- jāti – birth, class, caste, species
noun (feminine) - dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, custom
noun (masculine)
Derived from root dhṛ (to uphold, support)
Root: dhṛ (class 1) - āśrita – dependent on, based on, resorted to
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Past Passive Participle of ā-śri (to resort to, depend on)
Prefix: ā
Root: śri (class 1)
Note: Modifies vacaḥ.
वचः (vacaḥ) - statement (word, speech, statement)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas
vacas - word, speech, saying, statement
Derived from root vac (to speak)
Root: vac (class 2)