मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-130, verse-39
यदि भार्यामिमे मूढाः समादाय बलान्विताः ।
प्रयान्ति जीवतो धिक्तां मम व्यर्थमनुष्यताम् ॥३९॥
प्रयान्ति जीवतो धिक्तां मम व्यर्थमनुष्यताम् ॥३९॥
39. yadi bhāryāmime mūḍhāḥ samādāya balānvitāḥ .
prayānti jīvato dhiktāṃ mama vyarthamanuṣyatām.
prayānti jīvato dhiktāṃ mama vyarthamanuṣyatām.
39.
yadi bhāryām ime mūḍhāḥ samādāya balānvitāḥ
prayānti jīvataḥ dhik tām mama vyarthamanuṣyatām
prayānti jīvataḥ dhik tām mama vyarthamanuṣyatām
39.
If these fools, endowed with strength, take my wife and depart while I am still alive, then shame upon that useless state of my humanity (manuṣyatā)!
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यदि (yadi) - if, in case
- भार्याम् (bhāryām) - wife
- इमे (ime) - these
- मूढाः (mūḍhāḥ) - fools, deluded ones, ignorant ones
- समादाय (samādāya) - having taken, having seized, having accepted
- बलान्विताः (balānvitāḥ) - endowed with strength, strong, powerful
- प्रयान्ति (prayānti) - they go forth, they depart, they proceed
- जीवतः (jīvataḥ) - of one living, while alive, when I am living
- धिक् (dhik) - shame on, woe to, fie
- ताम् (tām) - that (useless humanity of mine) (that, her)
- मम (mama) - my, of me
- व्यर्थमनुष्यताम् (vyarthamanuṣyatām) - useless humanity, futile manhood
Words meanings and morphology
यदि (yadi) - if, in case
(indeclinable)
भार्याम् (bhāryām) - wife
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of bhāryā
bhāryā - wife, married woman
Gerundive
From root bhṛ (to bear, to support) + ṇyat (gerundive suffix) to mean 'to be supported/maintained', then feminine for 'one to be supported', hence wife.
Root: bhṛ (class 3)
इमे (ime) - these
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of idam
idam - this, these
Note: Can also be feminine nominative plural or neuter nominative/accusative plural.
मूढाः (mūḍhāḥ) - fools, deluded ones, ignorant ones
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of mūḍha
mūḍha - foolish, deluded, bewildered, stupid
Past Passive Participle
From root muh (to be bewildered, to faint) + kta (past passive participle suffix).
Root: muh (class 4)
Note: Often used substantively as 'fools'.
समादाय (samādāya) - having taken, having seized, having accepted
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
From upasargas sam- + ā- + root dā (to give/take) + lyap (absolutive suffix).
Prefixes: sam+ā
Root: dā (class 3)
बलान्विताः (balānvitāḥ) - endowed with strength, strong, powerful
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of balānvita
balānvita - endowed with strength, strong, powerful
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bala+anvita)
- bala – strength, power, force, army
noun (neuter) - anvita – accompanied by, connected with, endowed with
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From upasarga anu- + root i (to go) + kta (past passive participle suffix).
Prefix: anu
Root: i (class 2)
प्रयान्ति (prayānti) - they go forth, they depart, they proceed
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of prayā
Present Active Indicative
3rd person plural, present tense, active voice.
Prefix: pra
Root: yā (class 2)
जीवतः (jīvataḥ) - of one living, while alive, when I am living
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, singular of jīvat
jīvat - living, alive
Present Active Participle
From root jīv (to live) + śatṛ (present active participle suffix).
Root: jīv (class 1)
Note: Used here in a genitive absolute construction, meaning 'while (I am) living'.
धिक् (dhik) - shame on, woe to, fie
(indeclinable)
Note: Takes an accusative object for the entity on whom shame is cast.
ताम् (tām) - that (useless humanity of mine) (that, her)
(pronoun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to 'vyarthamanuṣyatām'.
मम (mama) - my, of me
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of mad
mad - I, me
व्यर्थमनुष्यताम् (vyarthamanuṣyatām) - useless humanity, futile manhood
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of vyarthamanuṣyatā
vyarthamanuṣyatā - useless humanity, futile manhood
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vyartha+manuṣyatā)
- vyartha – useless, fruitless, vain, meaningless
adjective (masculine)
Prefix: vi - manuṣyatā – humanity, manhood, human state
noun (feminine)
From manuṣya (human) + tā (suffix forming abstract feminine nouns).