महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-36, verse-46

वायुभक्षा जलाहाराः पर्णभक्षाश्च तापसाः ।
नानानियमयुक्ताश्च तथा स्थण्डिलशायिनः ॥४६॥

46. vāyubhakṣā jalāhārāḥ parṇabhakṣāśca tāpasāḥ ,
nānāniyamayuktāśca tathā sthaṇḍilaśāyinaḥ.

46. vāyubhakṣāḥ jalāhārāḥ parṇabhakṣāḥ ca tāpasāḥ
nānāniyamayuktāḥ ca tathā sthaṇḍilaśāyinaḥ

46. tāpasāḥ ca vāyubhakṣāḥ jalāhārāḥ parṇabhakṣāḥ
ca tathā nānāniyamayuktāḥ sthaṇḍilaśāyinaḥ

46. And there were ascetics (tapasvin) who subsisted on air (vāyubhakṣa), on water (jalāhāra), or on leaves (parṇabhakṣa); and others who were committed to various vows (nānāniyamayukta), and similarly, those who slept on the bare ground (sthaṇḍilaśāyin).

Words meanings summery:

• वायुभक्षाः (vāyubhakṣāḥ) - ascetics (tapasvin) who subsisted on air (vāyubhakṣa) (those who subsist on air)

• जलाहाराः (jalāhārāḥ) - ascetics (tapasvin) who subsisted on water (jalāhāra) (those who subsist on water)

• पर्णभक्षाः (parṇabhakṣāḥ) - ascetics (tapasvin) who subsisted on leaves (parṇabhakṣa) (those who subsist on leaves)

• च (ca) - and

• तापसाः (tāpasāḥ) - ascetics (tapasvin) (ascetics)

• नानानियमयुक्ताः (nānāniyamayuktāḥ) - ascetics (tapasvin) who were committed to various vows (nānāniyamayukta) (those engaged in various vows or observances)

• च (ca) - and

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, also, similarly

• स्थण्डिलशायिनः (sthaṇḍilaśāyinaḥ) - ascetics (tapasvin) who slept on the bare ground (sthaṇḍilaśāyin) (those who sleep on the bare ground)

Words meanings and morphology

वायुभक्षाः (vāyubhakṣāḥ) - ascetics (tapasvin) who subsisted on air (vāyubhakṣa) (those who subsist on air)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vāyubhakṣa

vāyubhakṣa - one who subsists on air (an ascetic practice)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vāyu+bhakṣa)

• vāyu – wind, air, breath, god of wind
  noun (masculine)
• bhakṣa – food, eating, consumption
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root `bhakṣ` (to eat).
  Root: bhakṣ (class 10)

जलाहाराः (jalāhārāḥ) - ascetics (tapasvin) who subsisted on water (jalāhāra) (those who subsist on water)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jalāhāra

jalāhāra - one who subsists on water (an ascetic practice)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jala+āhāra)

• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
• āhāra – food, diet, nourishment
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root `hṛ` (to take) with prefix `ā`.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

पर्णभक्षाः (parṇabhakṣāḥ) - ascetics (tapasvin) who subsisted on leaves (parṇabhakṣa) (those who subsist on leaves)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of parṇabhakṣa

parṇabhakṣa - one who subsists on leaves (an ascetic practice)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (parṇa+bhakṣa)

• parṇa – leaf, feather
  noun (neuter)
• bhakṣa – food, eating, consumption
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root `bhakṣ` (to eat).
  Root: bhakṣ (class 10)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

तापसाः (tāpasāḥ) - ascetics (tapasvin) (ascetics)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tāpasa

tāpasa - ascetic, hermit, one who practices austerities (tapas)

Derived from `tapas` (asceticism, austerity) with the suffix `-a`.

नानानियमयुक्ताः (nānāniyamayuktāḥ) - ascetics (tapasvin) who were committed to various vows (nānāniyamayukta) (those engaged in various vows or observances)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nānāniyamayukta

nānāniyamayukta - one engaged in various vows or observances

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nānā+niyama+yukta)

• nānā – various, diverse, manifold
  indeclinable
• niyama – vow, religious observance, rule, restraint
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root `yam` (to control) with prefix `ni`.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: yam (class 1)
• yukta – joined, connected, engaged in, endowed with, suitable
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `yuj` (to join, unite).
  Root: yuj (class 7)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, also, similarly

(indeclinable)

स्थण्डिलशायिनः (sthaṇḍilaśāyinaḥ) - ascetics (tapasvin) who slept on the bare ground (sthaṇḍilaśāyin) (those who sleep on the bare ground)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sthaṇḍilaśāyin

sthaṇḍilaśāyin - one who sleeps on the bare ground (an ascetic practice)

Derived from `sthaṇḍila` (bare ground) and `śāyin` (sleeping).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sthaṇḍila+śāyin)

• sthaṇḍila – bare ground, a patch of consecrated ground
  noun (neuter)
• śāyin – sleeping, lying down, reclining
  participle (masculine)
  Agent Noun / Adjective from root `śī`
  Derived from the root `śī` (to lie down, sleep) with suffix `-in` forming an agent noun or adjective.
  Root: śī (class 2)