महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-36, verse-39

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
पूर्वं कृतयुगे राजन्नैमिषेयास्तपस्विनः ।
वर्तमाने सुबहुले सत्रे द्वादशवार्षिके ।
ऋषयो बहवो राजंस्तत्र संप्रतिपेदिरे ॥३९॥

39. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
pūrvaṁ kṛtayuge rājannaimiṣeyāstapasvinaḥ ,
vartamāne subahule satre dvādaśavārṣike ,
ṛṣayo bahavo rājaṁstatra saṁpratipedire.

39. vaiśampāyanaḥ uvāca pūrvaṃ kṛtayuge
rājan naimiṣeyāḥ tapasvinaḥ vartamāne
subahule satre dvādaśavārṣike ṛṣayaḥ
bahavaḥ rājan tatra saṃpratipedire

39. vaiśampāyanaḥ uvāca rājan pūrvaṃ
kṛtayuge naimiṣeyāḥ tapasvinaḥ vartamāne
subahule dvādaśavārṣike satre rājan
tatra bahavaḥ ṛṣayaḥ saṃpratipedire

39. Vaiśampāyana said: "O King (Janamejaya), previously, in the Kṛta age, while a very extensive twelve-year (Vedic ritual) (sattra) was ongoing by the ascetics of Naimiṣa forest, many sages, O King (Janamejaya), gathered there."

Words meanings summery:

• वैशम्पायनः (vaiśampāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata) (Vaiśampāyana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• पूर्वं (pūrvaṁ) - formerly, previously, before

• कृतयुगे (kṛtayuge) - in the Kṛta age, in the golden age

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (addressed to Janamejaya) (O King)

• नैमिषेयाः (naimiṣeyāḥ) - residents of Naimiṣa (forest)

• तपस्विनः (tapasvinaḥ) - ascetics, hermits, those who practice austerity (tapas)

• वर्तमाने (vartamāne) - while existing, being current, ongoing

• सुबहुले (subahule) - very extensive, very numerous

• सत्रे (satre) - in the sacrificial session (in the (Vedic ritual) (sattra))

• द्वादशवार्षिके (dvādaśavārṣike) - during the twelve-year (period)

• ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many, numerous

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (addressed to Janamejaya) (O King)

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in the Naimiṣa forest (there, in that place)

• संप्रतिपेदिरे (saṁpratipedire) - gathered, assembled

Words meanings and morphology

वैशम्पायनः (vaiśampāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata) (Vaiśampāyana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśampāyana

vaiśampāyana - name of a sage, a descendant of Vaiśampāyana

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active Third Person Singular

From root √vac (to speak). Irregular formation of reduplicated perfect (lit. 'he has spoken')

Root: vac (class 2)

पूर्वं (pūrvaṁ) - formerly, previously, before

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial accusative.

कृतयुगे (kṛtayuge) - in the Kṛta age, in the golden age

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kṛtayuga

kṛtayuga - the Kṛta age (the first and golden age of the world), an era of righteousness

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṛta+yuga)

• kṛta – done, made, accomplished; good, excellent
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √kṛ (to do, to make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• yuga – age, epoch, period, yoke
  noun (masculine)

राजन् (rājan) - O King (addressed to Janamejaya) (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

नैमिषेयाः (naimiṣeyāḥ) - residents of Naimiṣa (forest)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of naimiṣeya

naimiṣeya - belonging to or dwelling in Naimiṣa (a sacred forest)

Derived from Naimiṣa + -eya (patronymic/relational suffix).

Note: Qualifies `tapasvinaḥ`.

तपस्विनः (tapasvinaḥ) - ascetics, hermits, those who practice austerity (tapas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tapasvin

tapasvin - one who practices austerity (tapas), an ascetic, a devotee

From `tapas` (austerity) + `vin` (possessive suffix).

Note: Subject of `saṃpratipedire`.

वर्तमाने (vartamāne) - while existing, being current, ongoing

(participle)

Locative, neuter, singular of vartamāna

vartamāna - being, existing, present, current, living

Present Middle Participle

From root √vṛt (to be, exist, turn) + śānac suffix.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `satre` in a locative absolute construction.

सुबहुले (subahule) - very extensive, very numerous

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of subahula

subahula - very much, very abundant, very extensive, very numerous

From `su-` (good, very) + `bahula` (abundant, extensive).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+bahula)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
  Prepositional prefix or adverb.
• bahula – abundant, numerous, extensive, frequent
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Qualifies `satre`.

सत्रे (satre) - in the sacrificial session (in the (Vedic ritual) (sattra))

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sattra

sattra - an extensive Vedic ritual, a sacrificial session, a forest, a house

Root: sad

द्वादशवार्षिके (dvādaśavārṣike) - during the twelve-year (period)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of dvādaśavārṣika

dvādaśavārṣika - lasting twelve years, twelve-year-old

Derived from `dvādaśavarṣa` (twelve years) + `ṭhak` (suffix indicating 'belonging to' or 'lasting for').

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvādaśa+varṣa)

• dvādaśa – twelve
  numeral
• varṣa – year, rain, cloud
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛṣ

Note: Qualifies `satre`.

ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet, a Vedic hymn composer

Root: ṛṣ

Note: Subject of `saṃpratipedire`.

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many, numerous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, abundant, numerous

Note: Qualifies `ṛṣayaḥ`.

राजन् (rājan) - O King (addressed to Janamejaya) (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

तत्र (tatra) - there, in the Naimiṣa forest (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

From `tad` (that) + `tral` (locative suffix).

संप्रतिपेदिरे (saṁpratipedire) - gathered, assembled

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, perfect (liṭ) of saṃ-prati-pad

Perfect Middle Third Person Plural

From root √pad (to go) with upasargas `sam` and `prati`. Reduplicated perfect.

Prefixes: sam+prati

Root: pad (class 4)