महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-22, verse-54

यथाश्वहृदयं वेद दाशार्हः परवीरहा ।
तथा शल्योऽपि जानीते हयानां वै महारथः ॥५४॥

54. yathāśvahṛdayaṁ veda dāśārhaḥ paravīrahā ,
tathā śalyo'pi jānīte hayānāṁ vai mahārathaḥ.

54. yathā aśvahṛdayam veda dāśārhaḥ paravīrahā
tathā śalyaḥ api jānīte hayānām vai mahārathaḥ

54. yathā paravīrahā dāśārhaḥ aśvahṛdayam veda
tathā mahārathaḥ śalyaḥ api vai hayānām jānīte

54. Just as Kṛṣṇa (dāśārha), the destroyer of enemy heroes, knows the science of horses, so also Śalya, the great chariot warrior, indeed understands horses.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as

• अश्वहृदयम् (aśvahṛdayam) - the heart/science of horses, horse-lore

• वेद (veda) - knows, understands

• दाशार्हः (dāśārhaḥ) - Kṛṣṇa (a descendant of Daśārha (Kṛṣṇa))

• परवीरहा (paravīrahā) - Kṛṣṇa, as destroyer of enemy heroes (destroyer of enemy heroes)

• तथा (tathā) - so, so also, thus

• शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Śalya (name of a king)

• अपि (api) - also, even

• जानीते (jānīte) - knows, understands

• हयानाम् (hayānām) - of horses

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great chariot warrior, mighty warrior

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - just as, as

(indeclinable)

अश्वहृदयम् (aśvahṛdayam) - the heart/science of horses, horse-lore

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aśvahṛdaya

aśvahṛdaya - heart of a horse, the secret or science of managing horses

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aśva+hṛdaya)

• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• hṛdaya – heart, mind, secret, knowledge, essence
  noun (neuter)

वेद (veda) - knows, understands

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vid

Present tense, 3rd person singular, active voice (from Class 2 root).

Root: vid (class 2)

दाशार्हः (dāśārhaḥ) - Kṛṣṇa (a descendant of Daśārha (Kṛṣṇa))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dāśārha

dāśārha - descendant of Daśārha, an epithet of Kṛṣṇa

परवीरहा (paravīrahā) - Kṛṣṇa, as destroyer of enemy heroes (destroyer of enemy heroes)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paravīrahā

paravīrahā - slayer of enemy heroes

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+vīra+han)

• para – other, enemy, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
• vīra – hero, warrior, brave man
  noun (masculine)
• han – killing, killer (agent noun derived from root han)
  noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  Derived from the root 'han' (to strike, kill).
  Root: han (class 2)

तथा (tathā) - so, so also, thus

(indeclinable)

शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Śalya (name of a king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śalya

śalya - Śalya (name of the maternal uncle of the Pāṇḍavas, king of Madra)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

जानीते (jānīte) - knows, understands

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jñā

Present tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice (ātmanepada) from Class 9 root.

Root: jñā (class 9)

हयानाम् (hayānām) - of horses

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse, steed

वै (vai) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great chariot warrior, mighty warrior

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great warrior, a warrior fighting from a large chariot

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective (masculine)
• ratha – chariot, warrior (often implying one who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)