महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-22, verse-12

अथ प्रतीपकर्तारं सततं विजितात्मनाम् ।
सस्मार वृषभस्कन्धं कर्णं दुर्योधनस्तदा ॥१२॥

12. atha pratīpakartāraṁ satataṁ vijitātmanām ,
sasmāra vṛṣabhaskandhaṁ karṇaṁ duryodhanastadā.

12. atha pratīpakartāram satatam vijitātmanām
sasmāra vṛṣabhaskandham karṇam duryodhanaḥ tadā

12. tadā duryodhanaḥ vṛṣabhaskandham satatam
vijitātmanām pratīpakartāram karṇam sasmāra atha

12. Then Duryodhana remembered Karna, whose shoulders were like those of a bull and who was constantly able to counteract even those who had mastered their inner self (ātman).

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

• प्रतीपकर्तारम् (pratīpakartāram) - the opponent, the counteractor, one who acts against

• सततम् (satatam) - constantly, always, perpetually

• विजितात्मनाम् (vijitātmanām) - Referring to powerful warriors or sages who have mastery over themselves, making them formidable opponents. (of those who have conquered their self/mind)

• सस्मार (sasmāra) - remembered

• वृषभस्कन्धम् (vṛṣabhaskandham) - bull-shouldered, having shoulders like a bull

• कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

(indeclinable)

प्रतीपकर्तारम् (pratīpakartāram) - the opponent, the counteractor, one who acts against

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pratīpakartṛ

pratīpakartṛ - one who acts against, opponent, counteractor

Compound of 'pratīpa' and 'kartṛ'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pratīpa+kartṛ)

• pratīpa – opposite, contrary, hostile, reverse
  adjective
• kartṛ – doer, maker, agent
  noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  Derived from root 'kṛ' with suffix '-tṛ'.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

सततम् (satatam) - constantly, always, perpetually

(indeclinable)

विजितात्मनाम् (vijitātmanām) - Referring to powerful warriors or sages who have mastery over themselves, making them formidable opponents. (of those who have conquered their self/mind)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vijitātman

vijitātman - one who has conquered oneself, self-controlled, one whose inner self is subdued

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'vijita' (conquered) + 'ātman' (self).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vijita+ātman)

• vijita – conquered, subdued, vanquished
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'ji' with prefix 'vi-'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: ji (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, ego, mind, person
  noun (masculine)

सस्मार (sasmāra) - remembered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of smṛ

Root: smṛ (class 1)

वृषभस्कन्धम् (vṛṣabhaskandham) - bull-shouldered, having shoulders like a bull

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛṣabhaskandha

vṛṣabhaskandha - bull-shouldered, having powerful shoulders like a bull

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'vṛṣabha' (bull) + 'skandha' (shoulder).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vṛṣabha+skandha)

• vṛṣabha – bull, chief, best, strong
  noun (masculine)
• skandha – shoulder, trunk, main stem, section, chapter
  noun (masculine)

कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (son of Kunti and Surya), ear

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (the eldest of the Kauravas)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)