महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-22, verse-39

धनुर्घोरं रामदत्तं गाण्डीवात्तद्विशिष्यते ।
त्रिःसप्तकृत्वः पृथिवी धनुषा तेन निर्जिता ॥३९॥

39. dhanurghoraṁ rāmadattaṁ gāṇḍīvāttadviśiṣyate ,
triḥsaptakṛtvaḥ pṛthivī dhanuṣā tena nirjitā.

39. dhanuḥ ghoram rāmadattam gāṇḍīvāt tat viśiṣyate
triḥsaptakṛtvaḥ pṛthivī dhanuṣā tena nirjitā

39. rāmadattam ghoram dhanuḥ tat gāṇḍīvāt viśiṣyate.
tena dhanuṣā pṛthivī triḥsaptakṛtvaḥ nirjitā (āsīt).

39. This formidable bow, given by Rāma, is superior to Gāṇḍīva. By that bow, the earth was conquered twenty-one times.

Words meanings summery:

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

• घोरम् (ghoram) - formidable, terrible, dreadful

• रामदत्तम् (rāmadattam) - given by Rāma (Paraśurāma) (given by Rāma)

• गाण्डीवात् (gāṇḍīvāt) - than Gāṇḍīva (Arjuna's bow) (from Gāṇḍīva)

• तत् (tat) - that (bow, i.e., Vijaya) (that)

• विशिष्यते (viśiṣyate) - it excels, it surpasses, it is superior

• त्रिःसप्तकृत्वः (triḥsaptakṛtvaḥ) - twenty-one times

• पृथिवी (pṛthivī) - the earth

• धनुषा (dhanuṣā) - by the bow, with the bow

• तेन (tena) - by that (bow) (by that)

• निर्जिता (nirjitā) - conquered, defeated

Words meanings and morphology

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow

घोरम् (ghoram) - formidable, terrible, dreadful

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, formidable, dreadful, awful

Note: Agrees with 'dhanuḥ'.

रामदत्तम् (rāmadattam) - given by Rāma (Paraśurāma) (given by Rāma)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rāmadatta

rāmadatta - given by Rāma

Past Passive Participle

Compound formed from Rāma and datta (Past Passive Participle of √dā)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rāma+datta)

• rāma – Rāma (name of Paraśurāma)
  proper noun (masculine)
• datta – given, granted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of √dā (to give)
  Root: √dā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'dhanuḥ'.

गाण्डीवात् (gāṇḍīvāt) - than Gāṇḍīva (Arjuna's bow) (from Gāṇḍīva)

(proper noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of gāṇḍīva

gāṇḍīva - Gāṇḍīva (the bow of Arjuna)

Note: Used with verbs meaning 'to excel' or 'be superior' to denote comparison.

तत् (tat) - that (bow, i.e., Vijaya) (that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

विशिष्यते (viśiṣyate) - it excels, it surpasses, it is superior

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of vi-√śiṣ

Prefix: vi

Root: √śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Often used intransitively or with ablative for comparison.

त्रिःसप्तकृत्वः (triḥsaptakṛtvaḥ) - twenty-one times

(indeclinable)

Formed from triḥsaptan (three-seven) and the kṛtvas suffix indicating 'times'.

पृथिवी (pṛthivī) - the earth

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - the earth, land, world

धनुषा (dhanuṣā) - by the bow, with the bow

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow

तेन (tena) - by that (bow) (by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

Note: Agrees with 'dhanuṣā'.

निर्जिता (nirjitā) - conquered, defeated

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nirjita

nirjita - conquered, defeated, vanquished

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √ji (to conquer) with prefix nir

Prefix: nir

Root: √ji (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'pṛthivī'.