महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-7, chapter-148, verse-51
रात्रौ हि राक्षसा भूयो भवन्त्यमितविक्रमाः ।
बलवन्तः सुदुर्धर्षाः शूरा विक्रान्तचारिणः ॥५१॥
बलवन्तः सुदुर्धर्षाः शूरा विक्रान्तचारिणः ॥५१॥
51. rātrau hi rākṣasā bhūyo bhavantyamitavikramāḥ ,
balavantaḥ sudurdharṣāḥ śūrā vikrāntacāriṇaḥ.
balavantaḥ sudurdharṣāḥ śūrā vikrāntacāriṇaḥ.
51.
rātrau hi rākṣasāḥ bhūyaḥ bhavanti amitavikramāḥ
balavantaḥ sudurdharṣāḥ śūrāḥ vikrāntacāriṇaḥ
balavantaḥ sudurdharṣāḥ śūrāḥ vikrāntacāriṇaḥ
51.
hi rātrau rākṣasāḥ bhūyaḥ amitavikramāḥ balavantaḥ
sudurdharṣāḥ śūrāḥ vikrāntacāriṇaḥ bhavanti
sudurdharṣāḥ śūrāḥ vikrāntacāriṇaḥ bhavanti
51.
Indeed, at night, the rākṣasas become immensely powerful, possessing immeasurable valor, very difficult to overcome, valiant, and moving with mighty strides.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- रात्रौ (rātrau) - at night
- हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for
- राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - rākṣasas, demons
- भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more, exceedingly
- भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they become, they are
- अमितविक्रमाः (amitavikramāḥ) - of immeasurable valor, whose valor is immeasurable
- बलवन्तः (balavantaḥ) - powerful, strong
- सुदुर्धर्षाः (sudurdharṣāḥ) - very difficult to overcome, invincible
- शूराः (śūrāḥ) - valiant, brave
- विक्रान्तचारिणः (vikrāntacāriṇaḥ) - moving with mighty strides, acting valiantly
Words meanings and morphology
रात्रौ (rātrau) - at night
(noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of rātri
rātri - night
हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for
(indeclinable)
राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - rākṣasas, demons
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa
rākṣasa - rākṣasa, demon, a class of malevolent beings
भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more, exceedingly
(indeclinable)
Note: Adverbial use of comparative.
भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they become, they are
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of bhū
Root: bhū (class 1)
अमितविक्रमाः (amitavikramāḥ) - of immeasurable valor, whose valor is immeasurable
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of amitavikrama
amitavikrama - one whose valor is immeasurable
Compound type : bahuvrihi (amita+vikrama)
- amita – unmeasured, immeasurable
adjective
Past Passive Participle
From root mā (to measure) with negative prefix a-
Root: mā (class 3) - vikrama – valor, might, courage
noun (masculine)
बलवन्तः (balavantaḥ) - powerful, strong
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of balavat
balavat - strong, powerful, mighty
सुदुर्धर्षाः (sudurdharṣāḥ) - very difficult to overcome, invincible
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sudurdharṣa
sudurdharṣa - very difficult to be overcome, unassailable, invincible
Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+durdharṣa)
- su – well, good, very
indeclinable - durdharṣa – difficult to be assailed, formidable
adjective
Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
From prefix dur- + root dhṛṣ (to dare, attack)
Prefix: dur
Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)
शूराः (śūrāḥ) - valiant, brave
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra
śūra - brave, valiant, warrior, hero
विक्रान्तचारिणः (vikrāntacāriṇaḥ) - moving with mighty strides, acting valiantly
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of vikrāntacārin
vikrāntacārin - moving valiantly, acting with prowess
Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (vikrānta+cārin)
- vikrānta – mighty, brave, valorous
adjective
Past Passive Participle
From prefix vi- + root kram (to stride, go)
Prefix: vi
Root: kram (class 1) - cārin – moving, performing, acting
adjective
Agent noun/adjective from root car
Root: car (class 1)