महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-148, verse-42

पश्य कर्णेन हैडिम्ब पाण्डवानामनीकिनी ।
काल्यमाना यथा गावः पालेन रणमूर्धनि ॥४२॥

42. paśya karṇena haiḍimba pāṇḍavānāmanīkinī ,
kālyamānā yathā gāvaḥ pālena raṇamūrdhani.

42. paśya karṇena haiḍimba pāṇḍavānām anīkinī
kālyamānā yathā gāvaḥ pālena raṇamūrdhani

42. haiḍimba paśya raṇamūrdhani karṇena pāṇḍavānām
anīkinī pālena gāvaḥ yathā kālyamānā

42. O son of Hiḍimbā (Bhīma), behold! Karṇa is driving away the army of the Pāṇḍavas on the battlefield, just as a cowherd drives away cows.

Words meanings summery:

• पश्य (paśya) - behold, see, look

• कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karṇa

• हैडिम्ब (haiḍimba) - O Bhīma (O son of Hiḍimbā)

• पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

• अनीकिनी (anīkinī) - army, host

• काल्यमाना (kālyamānā) - being driven, being expelled

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner

• गावः (gāvaḥ) - cows

• पालेन (pālena) - by a cowherd (by a protector, by a cowherd)

• रणमूर्धनि (raṇamūrdhani) - on the battlefield (on the head of battle, on the battlefield)

Words meanings and morphology

पश्य (paśya) - behold, see, look

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of paśya

Present Active Imperative

From root dṛś, 3rd class, Parasmaipada, Present Imperative, 2nd person singular. The root dṛś takes 'paśya' as a stem in the present system.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karṇa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (name of a warrior), ear

हैडिम्ब (haiḍimba) - O Bhīma (O son of Hiḍimbā)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of haiḍimba

haiḍimba - son of Hiḍimbā (a rākṣasī)

Formed with 'aṇ' suffix from Hiḍimbā. Refers to Bhīma.

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu

Formed with 'aṇ' suffix from Pāṇḍu.

अनीकिनी (anīkinī) - army, host

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of anīkinī

anīkinī - army, host, military force

काल्यमाना (kālyamānā) - being driven, being expelled

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kālyamāna

kālyamāna - being driven, being expelled, being moved

Present Passive Participle

From root kal (to drive, move), in the causative form kālayati, then passive stem kālyamāna.

Root: kal (class 10)

Note: Modifies 'anīkinī'.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner

(indeclinable)

गावः (gāvaḥ) - cows

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, bull, earth, ray of light

Note: Refers to female cattle in this context.

पालेन (pālena) - by a cowherd (by a protector, by a cowherd)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pāla

pāla - protector, keeper, guardian, cowherd, shepherd

Root: pā (class 2)

रणमूर्धनि (raṇamūrdhani) - on the battlefield (on the head of battle, on the battlefield)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇamūrdhan

raṇamūrdhan - head of battle, forefront of battle

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (raṇa+mūrdhan)

• raṇa – battle, war, conflict
  noun (masculine)
  Root: raṇ (class 1)
• mūrdhan – head, top, summit, forefront
  noun (masculine)