महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-148, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
ततः कर्णो रणे दृष्ट्वा पार्षतं परवीरहा ।
आजघानोरसि शरैर्दशभिर्मर्मभेदिभिः ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tataḥ karṇo raṇe dṛṣṭvā pārṣataṁ paravīrahā ,
ājaghānorasi śarairdaśabhirmarmabhedibhiḥ.

1. sañjaya uvāca tataḥ karṇaḥ raṇe dṛṣṭvā pārṣatam
paravīrahā ājaghāna urasi śaraiḥ daśabhiḥ marmabhedibhiḥ

1. sañjaya uvāca tataḥ paravīrahā karṇaḥ raṇe pārṣatam
dṛṣṭvā urasi daśabhiḥ marmabhedibhiḥ śaraiḥ ājaghāna

1. Sañjaya said: Then Karṇa, the slayer of enemy heroes, seeing Pārṣata on the battlefield, struck him on the chest with ten arrows that pierced vital spots.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa (proper name)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• पार्षतम् (pārṣatam) - Pārṣata (Dhraṣṭadyumna)

• परवीरहा (paravīrahā) - slayer of enemy heroes

• आजघान (ājaghāna) - struck, hit

• उरसि (urasi) - on the chest, in the breast

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - by ten, with ten

• मर्मभेदिभिः (marmabhedibhiḥ) - by those piercing vital spots

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sañjaya (a proper name, the charioteer of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (a proper name, the eldest son of Kuntī)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पार्षतम् (pārṣatam) - Pārṣata (Dhraṣṭadyumna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārṣata

pārṣata - descendant of Pṛṣata, a name for Dhraṣṭadyumna

परवीरहा (paravīrahā) - slayer of enemy heroes

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paravīrahan

paravīrahan - killer of enemy heroes

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (para+vīra+han)

• para – other, enemy, hostile
  adjective (masculine)
• vīra – hero, brave man, warrior
  noun (masculine)
• han – killer, slayer
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from root han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

आजघान (ājaghāna) - struck, hit

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of han

Prefix: ā

Root: han (class 2)

उरसि (urasi) - on the chest, in the breast

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of uras

uras - chest, breast

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - by ten, with ten

(numeral)

मर्मभेदिभिः (marmabhedibhiḥ) - by those piercing vital spots

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of marmabhedin

marmabhedin - piercing vital parts, wounding sensitive spots

Agent noun

Derived from root bhid (to split, pierce) with marman (vital spot) as the first part of the compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (marman+bhedin)

• marman – vital spot, vulnerable point
  noun (neuter)
• bhedin – piercing, breaking, splitting (agent noun)
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from root bhid (to split, pierce) with -in suffix
  Root: bhid (class 7)