महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-148, verse-45

निशीथे सूतपुत्रेण शरवर्षेण पीडिताः ।
एते द्रवन्ति पाञ्चालाः सिंहस्येव भयान्मृगाः ॥४५॥

45. niśīthe sūtaputreṇa śaravarṣeṇa pīḍitāḥ ,
ete dravanti pāñcālāḥ siṁhasyeva bhayānmṛgāḥ.

45. niśīthe sūtaputreṇa śaravarṣeṇa pīḍitāḥ ete
dravanti pāñcālāḥ siṃhasya iva bhayāt mṛgāḥ

45. niśīthe sūtaputreṇa śaravarṣeṇa pīḍitāḥ ete
pāñcālāḥ siṃhasya bhayāt mṛgāḥ iva dravanti

45. Tormented in the deep night by Karṇa, the son of the charioteer, with his shower of arrows, these Pāñcālas are fleeing, just as deer flee from fear of a lion.

Words meanings summery:

• निशीथे (niśīthe) - in the deep night, at midnight

• सूतपुत्रेण (sūtaputreṇa) - by Karṇa (by the son of a charioteer)

• शरवर्षेण (śaravarṣeṇa) - by a shower of arrows, by a hail of arrows

• पीडिताः (pīḍitāḥ) - oppressed, afflicted, tormented

• एते (ete) - these (masculine nominative plural)

• द्रवन्ति (dravanti) - they are fleeing (they run, they flee, they flow)

• पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Pāñcālas (people of Pañcāla country)

• सिंहस्य (siṁhasya) - of a lion

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear, out of fear

• मृगाः (mṛgāḥ) - deer, wild animals

Words meanings and morphology

निशीथे (niśīthe) - in the deep night, at midnight

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of niśītha

niśītha - deep night, midnight

सूतपुत्रेण (sūtaputreṇa) - by Karṇa (by the son of a charioteer)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sūtaputra

sūtaputra - son of a charioteer

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sūta+putra)

• sūta – charioteer, bard, one born from a kṣatriya father and brāhmaṇa mother
  noun (masculine)
  From root sū (to drive).
  Root: sū (class 2)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

शरवर्षेण (śaravarṣeṇa) - by a shower of arrows, by a hail of arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śaravarṣa

śaravarṣa - shower of arrows, hail of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow, reed
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, shower, year
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Used instrumentally to describe the means of affliction.

पीडिताः (pīḍitāḥ) - oppressed, afflicted, tormented

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pīḍita

pīḍita - oppressed, afflicted, tormented, hurt

Past Passive Participle

From root pīḍ (to oppress, hurt).

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

एते (ete) - these (masculine nominative plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Modifies 'pāñcālāḥ'.

द्रवन्ति (dravanti) - they are fleeing (they run, they flee, they flow)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of dru

Present Active Indicative

From root dru, 1st class, Parasmaipada, Present Indicative, 3rd person plural.

Root: dru (class 1)

पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Pāñcālas (people of Pañcāla country)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - a native of Pañcāla, the Pañcāla country

Derived from Pañcāla.

Note: Subject of 'dravanti'.

सिंहस्य (siṁhasya) - of a lion

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of siṃha

siṁha - lion

Note: Connected with 'bhayāt'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear, out of fear

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, apprehension

From root bhī (to fear).

Root: bhī (class 3)

मृगाः (mṛgāḥ) - deer, wild animals

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mṛga

mṛga - wild animal, deer, game

From root mṛg (to hunt).

Root: mṛg (class 1)