महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-141, verse-48

अथान्यद्धनुरादाय भीमसेनो महाबलः ।
विव्याध नृपतिं तूर्णं सप्तभिर्निशितैः शरैः ॥४८॥

48. athānyaddhanurādāya bhīmaseno mahābalaḥ ,
vivyādha nṛpatiṁ tūrṇaṁ saptabhirniśitaiḥ śaraiḥ.

48. atha anyat dhanuḥ ādāya bhīmasenaḥ mahābalaḥ
vivyādha nṛpatiṃ tūrṇaṃ saptabhiḥ niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ

48. atha mahābalaḥ bhīmasenaḥ anyat dhanuḥ ādāya
tūrṇaṃ nṛpatiṃ saptabhiḥ niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ vivyādha

48. Then, the mighty Bhimasena, taking another bow, swiftly pierced the king with seven sharp arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• अन्यत् (anyat) - another, other

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

• आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, taking

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena (a Pandava prince)

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - mighty, of great strength

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - he pierced, he struck

• नृपतिं (nṛpatiṁ) - king, ruler

• तूर्णं (tūrṇaṁ) - swiftly, quickly

• सप्तभिः (saptabhiḥ) - by seven

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - sharp, whetted

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

अन्यत् (anyat) - another, other

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Modifies 'dhanuḥ'. Could also be nominative singular neuter.

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, weapon

Note: Object of 'ādāya'. Could also be nominative singular neuter.

आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, taking

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root √dā (to give, to take) with prefix ā, forming an absolutive (gerund).

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena (a Pandava prince)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhimasena (a proper name, lit. 'he whose army is terrible')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhīma+senā)

• bhīma – terrible, dreadful
  adjective
• senā – army, host
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject of the verb 'vivyādha'.

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - mighty, of great strength

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, mighty, powerful

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'bhīmasenaḥ'.

विव्याध (vivyādha) - he pierced, he struck

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vyādh

perfect tense

Perfect tense (lit), 3rd person singular active.

Prefix: vi

Root: vyadh (class 4)

नृपतिं (nṛpatiṁ) - king, ruler

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, ruler, lord of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'vivyādha'.

तूर्णं (tūrṇaṁ) - swiftly, quickly

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √tvar (to hurry). Used adverbially here.

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Adverb modifying 'vivyādha'.

सप्तभिः (saptabhiḥ) - by seven

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'śaraiḥ'.

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - sharp, whetted

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharp, whetted, keen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √śo (to sharpen) with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'śaraiḥ'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Note: Instrument of the action 'vivyādha'.