महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-141, verse-36

सोऽतिविद्धो महाराज रथोपस्थ उपाविशत् ।
राक्षसेन्द्रः सुबलवान्द्रौणिना रणमानिना ॥३६॥

36. so'tividdho mahārāja rathopastha upāviśat ,
rākṣasendraḥ subalavāndrauṇinā raṇamāninā.

36. saḥ atividdhaḥ mahārāja rathopasthe upāviśat
rākṣasendraḥ subalavān drauṇinā raṇamāninā

36. mahārāja saḥ atividdhaḥ subalavān rākṣasendraḥ
raṇamāninā drauṇinā rathopasthe upāviśat

36. O great king, that excessively wounded, very powerful lord of Rākṣasas sat down on the seat of his chariot, having been struck by Droṇa's son, who was proud in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that one

• अतिविद्धः (atividdhaḥ) - excessively wounded, deeply pierced

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• रथोपस्थे (rathopasthe) - on the chariot seat

• उपाविशत् (upāviśat) - he sat down

• राक्षसेन्द्रः (rākṣasendraḥ) - the lord of Rākṣasas

• सुबलवान् (subalavān) - very mighty, very powerful

• द्रौणिना (drauṇinā) - by Aśvatthāman (by Droṇa's son)

• रणमानिना (raṇamāninā) - by him who was proud in battle

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अतिविद्धः (atividdhaḥ) - excessively wounded, deeply pierced

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atividdha

atividdha - deeply pierced, excessively wounded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'vyadh' with upasarga 'ati'.

Prefix: ati

Root: vyadh (class 4)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)

रथोपस्थे (rathopasthe) - on the chariot seat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rathopastha

rathopastha - chariot seat, part of a chariot where one sits

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+upastha)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• upastha – seat, lap, proximity
  noun (masculine)

Note: Devanagari suggests 'rathopastha' without the 'e' ending, but locative 'rathopasthe' is grammatically correct for 'on the chariot seat'.

उपाविशत् (upāviśat) - he sat down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of upa-viś

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Prefix: upa

Root: viś (class 6)

राक्षसेन्द्रः (rākṣasendraḥ) - the lord of Rākṣasas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣasendra

rākṣasendra - chief of Rākṣasas, lord of demons

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+indra)

• rākṣasa – Rākṣasa, demon, evil spirit
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, best
  noun (masculine)

सुबलवान् (subalavān) - very mighty, very powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of subalavat

subalavat - very strong, very powerful

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+balavat)

• su – good, excellent, very, well
  indeclinable
• balavat – strong, powerful, mighty
  adjective (masculine)

द्रौणिना (drauṇinā) - by Aśvatthāman (by Droṇa's son)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Droṇa

Patronymic from Droṇa.

रणमानिना (raṇamāninā) - by him who was proud in battle

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of raṇamānin

raṇamānin - proud of battle, glorying in war

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (raṇa+mānin)

• raṇa – battle, combat, war
  noun (masculine)
• mānin – proud, conceited, considering oneself to be
  adjective (masculine)