महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-141, verse-41

तं भीमसेनो नवभिः शरैर्विव्याध मारिष ।
दुर्योधनोऽपि विंशत्या शराणां प्रत्यविध्यत ॥४१॥

41. taṁ bhīmaseno navabhiḥ śarairvivyādha māriṣa ,
duryodhano'pi viṁśatyā śarāṇāṁ pratyavidhyata.

41. tam bhīmasenaḥ navabhiḥ śaraiḥ vivyādha māriṣa
duryodhanaḥ api viṃśatyā śarāṇām pratyavidhyata

41. māriṣa,
bhīmasenaḥ tam navabhiḥ śaraiḥ vivyādha.
duryodhanaḥ api śarāṇām viṃśatyā pratyavidhyata.

41. O venerable one, Bhimasena pierced him with nine arrows. Duryodhana, in turn, also struck back with twenty arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - Duryodhana (him, that)

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena

• नवभिः (navabhiḥ) - with nine

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced, struck, hit

• मारिष (māriṣa) - O venerable one, O respected one

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

• अपि (api) - in turn, also (also, even, too)

• विंशत्या (viṁśatyā) - with twenty

• शराणाम् (śarāṇām) - of arrows

• प्रत्यविध्यत (pratyavidhyata) - pierced in return, struck back

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - Duryodhana (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Duryodhana from the previous verse.

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - name of the second Pandava brother, son of Vayu

Note: Subject of the verb 'vivyādha'.

नवभिः (navabhiḥ) - with nine

(numeral)

Note: Qualifies 'śaraiḥ'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Note: Means by which the action of piercing is done.

विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced, struck, hit

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vyadh

Perfect Active

Reduplicated perfect form of root vyadh (class 4)

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: The root is vyadh.

मारिष (māriṣa) - O venerable one, O respected one

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of māriṣa

māriṣa - venerable one, respected one, gentleman

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - name of the eldest Kaurava prince

Note: Subject of the verb 'pratyavidhyata'.

अपि (api) - in turn, also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates that Duryodhana's action is in response or addition to Bhimasena's.

विंशत्या (viṁśatyā) - with twenty

(numeral)

Note: Used with 'śarāṇām' to mean 'by means of twenty (of) arrows'.

शराणाम् (śarāṇām) - of arrows

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Note: Used in a partitive sense with 'viṃśatyā' (twenty of arrows).

प्रत्यविध्यत (pratyavidhyata) - pierced in return, struck back

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of vidh

Imperfect Middle

Derived from root vyadh (class 4) 'to pierce', with prefix prati

Prefix: prati

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: The root is vyadh. Middle voice implies the action is for oneself or impacts the agent.