महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-141, verse-27

स मार्गणगणैर्द्रौणिर्दिशः प्रच्छाद्य सर्वतः ।
प्रियार्थं तव पुत्राणां राक्षसं समवाकिरत् ॥२७॥

27. sa mārgaṇagaṇairdrauṇirdiśaḥ pracchādya sarvataḥ ,
priyārthaṁ tava putrāṇāṁ rākṣasaṁ samavākirat.

27. saḥ mārgaṇa-gaṇaiḥ drauṇiḥ diśaḥ pracchādya sarvataḥ
priyārtham tava putrāṇām rākṣasam samavākirat

27. saḥ drauṇiḥ mārgaṇa-gaṇaiḥ diśaḥ sarvataḥ pracchādya
tava putrāṇām priyārtham rākṣasam samavākirat

27. Having completely covered all directions with multitudes of arrows, Droṇa's son (drauṇi) then, for the sake of your sons, showered [arrows upon] the Rākṣasa.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that warrior (Aśvatthāmā) (he, that)

• मार्गण-गणैः (mārgaṇa-gaṇaiḥ) - by multitudes of arrows

• द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Aśvatthāmā, son of Droṇa (son of Droṇa)

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions

• प्रच्छाद्य (pracchādya) - having covered, having concealed

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - completely, on all sides, everywhere

• प्रियार्थम् (priyārtham) - for the pleasure of your sons (for the sake of the dear ones, for pleasure)

• तव (tava) - your

• पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - of sons

• राक्षसम् (rākṣasam) - the particular Rākṣasa being fought (the Rākṣasa, demon)

• समवाकिरत् (samavākirat) - showered upon, scattered over

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that warrior (Aśvatthāmā) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of `samavākirat` and `pracchādya`.

मार्गण-गणैः (mārgaṇa-gaṇaiḥ) - by multitudes of arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mārgaṇa-gaṇa

mārgaṇa-gaṇa - multitude of arrows

Tatpuruṣa compound: `mārgaṇa` (arrow) + `gaṇa` (multitude).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mārgaṇa+gaṇa)

• mārgaṇa – arrow, seeker
  noun (masculine)
  From root `mṛg` (to seek, hunt).
  Root: mṛg (class 6)
• gaṇa – multitude, host, troop, collection
  noun (masculine)

द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Aśvatthāmā, son of Droṇa (son of Droṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Droṇa

Patronymic from `droṇa` (Droṇa).

दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter of the sky

From root `diś` (to point out, show).

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Object of the action implied by `pracchādya`.

प्रच्छाद्य (pracchādya) - having covered, having concealed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From prefix `pra` (forth) + root `chad` (to cover) with causal `āp` and suffix `lyap` (absolutive).

Prefixes: pra+ā

Root: chad (class 10)

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - completely, on all sides, everywhere

(indeclinable)

From `sarva` (all) with suffix `tas`.

प्रियार्थम् (priyārtham) - for the pleasure of your sons (for the sake of the dear ones, for pleasure)

(indeclinable)

Tatpuruṣa compound: `priya` (dear, pleasing) + `artha` (purpose, sake).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (priya+artha)

• priya – dear, beloved, pleasing
  adjective (masculine)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, goal
  noun (masculine)

Note: Often takes `m` ending when adverbial.

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Possessive pronoun, 'your'.

पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - of sons

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Possessive, 'of your sons'.

राक्षसम् (rākṣasam) - the particular Rākṣasa being fought (the Rākṣasa, demon)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, evil spirit, pertaining to Rākṣasas

Derived from `rakṣas` (evil being).

Note: Object of `samavākirat`.

समवाकिरत् (samavākirat) - showered upon, scattered over

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

Imperfect Active Third Person Singular

From root `kṛ` (to scatter) with prefixes `sam` (together, completely) and `ava` (down, upon).

Prefixes: sam+ava

Root: kṛ (class 6)