महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-141, verse-26

ततोऽस्त्रसंघर्षकृतैर्विस्फुलिङ्गैः समन्ततः ।
बभौ निशामुखे व्योम खद्योतैरिव संवृतम् ॥२६॥

26. tato'strasaṁgharṣakṛtairvisphuliṅgaiḥ samantataḥ ,
babhau niśāmukhe vyoma khadyotairiva saṁvṛtam.

26. tataḥ astra-saṅgharṣa-kṛtaiḥ visphuliṅgaiḥ samantataḥ
babhau niśāmukhe vyoma khadyotaiḥ iva saṃvṛtam

26. tataḥ niśāmukhe astra-saṅgharṣa-kṛtaiḥ visphuliṅgaiḥ
samantataḥ vyoma khadyotaiḥ iva saṃvṛtam babhau

26. Then, by the sparks created from the clash of weapons (astra), the sky (vyoma) shone everywhere at nightfall, as if it were covered by fireflies.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• अस्त्र-सङ्घर्ष-कृतैः (astra-saṅgharṣa-kṛtaiḥ) - by those produced by the clash of weapons

• विस्फुलिङ्गैः (visphuliṅgaiḥ) - by sparks

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - everywhere, on all sides, completely

• बभौ (babhau) - shone, appeared, looked splendid

• निशामुखे (niśāmukhe) - at the beginning of night, at nightfall

• व्योम (vyoma) - sky, atmosphere, ether

• खद्योतैः (khadyotaiḥ) - by fireflies

• इव (iva) - like, as

• संवृतम् (saṁvṛtam) - covered, filled, enclosed

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

Derived from pronominal base `tad` with the suffix `tas`.

अस्त्र-सङ्घर्ष-कृतैः (astra-saṅgharṣa-kṛtaiḥ) - by those produced by the clash of weapons

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of astra-saṅgharṣa-kṛta

astra-saṅgharṣa-kṛta - made by the clash of weapons, produced from weapon friction

Tatpuruṣa compound: `astra-saṅgharṣa` (clash of weapons) + `kṛta` (made/produced by). `kṛta` is a Past Passive Participle from `kṛ`.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (astra-saṅgharṣa+kṛta)

• astra-saṅgharṣa – clash of weapons
  noun (masculine)
  Tatpuruṣa compound: `astra` (weapon) + `saṅgharṣa` (clash).
• kṛta – done, made, performed, produced
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `kṛ` (to do, make) with suffix `kta`.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with `visphuliṅgaiḥ`.

विस्फुलिङ्गैः (visphuliṅgaiḥ) - by sparks

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of visphuliṅga

visphuliṅga - spark, scintilla

From `vi` (apart) + `sphul` (to expand, to crackle) + `iṅga`.

Prefix: vi

Root: sphul (class 1)

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - everywhere, on all sides, completely

(indeclinable)

From `samanta` (all-round, complete) with suffix `tas`.

बभौ (babhau) - shone, appeared, looked splendid

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhā

Perfect Active Third Person Singular

From root `bhā` (to shine).

Root: bhā (class 2)

निशामुखे (niśāmukhe) - at the beginning of night, at nightfall

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of niśāmukha

niśāmukha - beginning of night, evening, nightfall

Tatpuruṣa compound: `niśā` (night) + `mukha` (face, beginning).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (niśā+mukha)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
• mukha – face, mouth, opening, beginning
  noun (neuter)

व्योम (vyoma) - sky, atmosphere, ether

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyoman

vyoman - sky, heaven, atmosphere

Note: Subject of `babhau` and `saṃvṛtam`.

खद्योतैः (khadyotaiḥ) - by fireflies

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of khadyota

khadyota - firefly, glow-worm

Compound: `kha` (sky/air) + `dyota` (shining). One that shines in the sky.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kha+dyota)

• kha – sky, air, ether
  noun (neuter)
• dyota – shining, bright
  adjective (masculine)
  From root `dyut` (to shine).
  Root: dyut (class 1)

Note: Used in simile with `iva` and `saṃvṛtam`.

इव (iva) - like, as

(indeclinable)

संवृतम् (saṁvṛtam) - covered, filled, enclosed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saṃvṛta

saṁvṛta - covered, concealed, surrounded, filled

Past Passive Participle

From prefix `sam` (completely) + root `vṛ` (to cover, enclose) with suffix `kta`.

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with `vyoma`.