महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-141, verse-23

तां शस्त्रवृष्टिमतुलां वज्राशनिसमस्वनाम् ।
पतन्तीमुपरि क्रुद्धो द्रौणिरव्यथितेन्द्रियः ॥२३॥

23. tāṁ śastravṛṣṭimatulāṁ vajrāśanisamasvanām ,
patantīmupari kruddho drauṇiravyathitendriyaḥ.

23. tām śastravṛṣṭim atulām vajrāśanisamasvanām
patantīm upari kruddhaḥ drauṇiḥ avyathitendriyaḥ

23. kruddhaḥ avyathitendriyaḥ drauṇiḥ upari patantīm
vajrāśanisamasvanām atulām tām śastravṛṣṭim

23. Enraged, but with his senses undisturbed, Droṇa's son (Drauṇi) (faced/endured) that incomparable rain of weapons, which fell upon him with a sound like thunderbolts.

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - that

• शस्त्रवृष्टिम् (śastravṛṣṭim) - shower of weapons, rain of weapons

• अतुलाम् (atulām) - incomparable, unequalled

• वज्राशनिसमस्वनाम् (vajrāśanisamasvanām) - having a sound like thunderbolts and lightning

• पतन्तीम् (patantīm) - falling

• उपरि (upari) - above, upon, over

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry

• द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Aśvatthāman (son of Droṇa) (Droṇa's son, Aśvatthāman)

• अव्यथितेन्द्रियः (avyathitendriyaḥ) - with unperturbed senses, with undisturbed faculties

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that

शस्त्रवृष्टिम् (śastravṛṣṭim) - shower of weapons, rain of weapons

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śastravṛṣṭi

śastravṛṣṭi - shower of weapons, rain of weapons

Tatpuruṣa compound meaning 'rain/shower of weapons.' Accusative singular.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śastra+vṛṣṭi)

• śastra – weapon, implement
  noun (neuter)
  From root śas (to cut).
  Root: śas (class 2)
• vṛṣṭi – rain, shower
  noun (feminine)
  From root vṛṣ (to rain).
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

अतुलाम् (atulām) - incomparable, unequalled

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of atula

atula - incomparable, unequalled, peerless

Compound of a (negation) and tulā (comparison, balance).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nañ) (a+tula)

• a – not, non-, un-
  prefix
  Negative prefix.
• tula – comparison, measure
  noun (feminine)
  From root tul (to weigh).
  Root: tul (class 1)

वज्राशनिसमस्वनाम् (vajrāśanisamasvanām) - having a sound like thunderbolts and lightning

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vajrāśanisamasvana

vajrāśanisamasvana - having a sound equal to thunderbolts and lightning

Bahuvrihi compound meaning 'that whose sound is like thunder and lightning.' Used here to describe the shower of weapons.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vajrāśani+sama+svana)

• vajrāśani – thunderbolt and lightning
  noun (masculine)
  Dvandva compound of vajra (thunderbolt) and aśani (lightning).
• sama – like, equal to
  adjective (masculine)
• svana – sound, noise
  noun (masculine)
  From root svan (to sound).
  Root: svan (class 1)

पतन्तीम् (patantīm) - falling

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of patantī

patantī - falling, dropping

Present Active Participle

Feminine accusative singular of present active participle of root pat (to fall).

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Present participle acting as an adjective.

उपरि (upari) - above, upon, over

(indeclinable)

Preposition/adverb indicating position or direction.

Note: Indicates location of the falling shower.

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root krudh (to be angry).

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Predicative adjective.

द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Aśvatthāman (son of Droṇa) (Droṇa's son, Aśvatthāman)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Droṇa, Aśvatthāman

Patronymic from Droṇa.

अव्यथितेन्द्रियः (avyathitendriyaḥ) - with unperturbed senses, with undisturbed faculties

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avyathitendriya

avyathitendriya - having unperturbed senses, with undisturbed faculties

Bahuvrihi compound meaning 'one whose senses (indriya) are not agitated (avyathita).' Avyathita is from vi-yath (to be agitated) with negation a-.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (avyathita+indriya)

• avyathita – unperturbed, undisturbed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Negation (a-) of Past Passive Participle of root vyath (to be agitated).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vyath (class 1)
• indriya – sense organ, faculty
  noun (neuter)
  From Indra, related to power and control. Refers to the organs of perception and action.
  Root: ind (class 10)

Note: Predicative adjective.