महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-141, verse-13

तं तु दृष्ट्वा हतं शूरमश्वत्थामा महारथः ।
अभ्यधावत वेगेन शैनेयं प्रति संयुगे ।
अभ्यवर्षच्छरौघेण मेरुं वृष्ट्या यथाम्बुदः ॥१३॥

13. taṁ tu dṛṣṭvā hataṁ śūramaśvatthāmā mahārathaḥ ,
abhyadhāvata vegena śaineyaṁ prati saṁyuge ,
abhyavarṣaccharaugheṇa meruṁ vṛṣṭyā yathāmbudaḥ.

13. tam tu dṛṣṭvā hatam śūram aśvatthāmā
mahārathaḥ abhyadhāvata vegena
śaineyam prati saṃyuge abhyavarṣat
śaraugheṇa merum vṛṣṭyā yathā ambudaḥ

13. tu tam hatam śūram dṛṣṭvā,
mahārathaḥ aśvatthāmā vegena saṃyuge śaineyam prati abhyadhāvata.
yathā ambudaḥ vṛṣṭyā merum (abhyavarṣat),
(saḥ) śaraugheṇa (śaineyam) abhyavarṣat.

13. But seeing that brave warrior slain, Aśvatthāmā, the great charioteer (mahāratha), rushed with great speed towards Śaineya in battle. He showered him with a flood of arrows, just as a cloud (ambuda) rains upon Mount Meru.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

• हतम् (hatam) - slain, killed, struck

• शूरम् (śūram) - brave, heroic, a warrior

• अश्वत्थामा (aśvatthāmā) - Aśvatthāmā (proper name)

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great charioteer, great warrior

• अभ्यधावत (abhyadhāvata) - rushed towards, ran towards

• वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, quickly, forcibly

• शैनेयम् (śaineyam) - Śaineya (proper name, Sātyaki)

• प्रति (prati) - towards, against, in opposition to

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in encounter

• अभ्यवर्षत् (abhyavarṣat) - showered upon, rained upon

• शरौघेण (śaraugheṇa) - by a multitude of arrows, by a flood of arrows

• मेरुम् (merum) - Meru (proper name of a mountain)

• वृष्ट्या (vṛṣṭyā) - by rain

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in which manner

• अम्बुदः (ambudaḥ) - cloud

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Indeclinable participle formed from the root dṛś.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

हतम् (hatam) - slain, killed, struck

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - slain, killed, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root han (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

शूरम् (śūram) - brave, heroic, a warrior

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śūra

śūra - brave, valiant, a hero, a warrior

अश्वत्थामा (aśvatthāmā) - Aśvatthāmā (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśvatthāmā

aśvatthāmā - Aśvatthāmā (son of Droṇa)

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great charioteer, great warrior

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great charioteer, a warrior capable of fighting many enemies, a great warrior

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

अभ्यधावत (abhyadhāvata) - rushed towards, ran towards

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of abhyadhāva

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice of root dhāv with prefixes abhi- and ā-.

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: dhāv (class 1)

वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, quickly, forcibly

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, impulse, force

शैनेयम् (śaineyam) - Śaineya (proper name, Sātyaki)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śaineya

śaineya - Śaineya (a patronymic of Sātyaki, son of Śini)

प्रति (prati) - towards, against, in opposition to

(indeclinable)

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in encounter

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, encounter, combat

अभ्यवर्षत् (abhyavarṣat) - showered upon, rained upon

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of abhyavarṣ

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice of root vṛṣ with prefixes abhi- and ava-.

Prefixes: abhi+ava

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

शरौघेण (śaraugheṇa) - by a multitude of arrows, by a flood of arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śaraugha

śaraugha - a flood of arrows, a multitude of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+ogha)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• ogha – flood, torrent, multitude
  noun (masculine)

मेरुम् (merum) - Meru (proper name of a mountain)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of meru

meru - Meru (a mythical sacred mountain, center of the universe)

वृष्ट्या (vṛṣṭyā) - by rain

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vṛṣṭi

vṛṣṭi - rain, shower

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in which manner

(indeclinable)

अम्बुदः (ambudaḥ) - cloud

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ambuda

ambuda - cloud (lit. 'water-giver')

Compound type : upapada (ambu+da)

• ambu – water
  noun (neuter)
• da – giver (from root dā - to give)
  suffix (masculine)
  Kṛt suffix indicating 'one who gives'.
  Root: dā (class 3)