महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-115, verse-9

हा हेति तुमुलः शब्दो भूतानां समपद्यत ।
सीमावृक्षे निपतिते कुरूणां समितिक्षये ॥९॥

9. hā heti tumulaḥ śabdo bhūtānāṁ samapadyata ,
sīmāvṛkṣe nipatite kurūṇāṁ samitikṣaye.

9. hā hā iti tumulaḥ śabdaḥ bhūtānām samapadyata
sīmāvṛkṣe nipatite kurūṇām samitīkṣaye

9. sīmāvṛkṣe nipatite kurūṇām samitīkṣaye hā
hā iti tumulaḥ śabdaḥ bhūtānām samapadyata

9. A tumultuous cry of 'Alas! Alas!' arose from all beings when the boundary tree of the Kurus fell, marking the destruction of their assembly (samiti).

Words meanings summery:

• हा हा (hā hā) - Alas! Alas! (alas! oh!)

• इति (iti) - (marking the end of a quotation) (thus, so, in this manner)

• तुमुलः (tumulaḥ) - tumultuous (tumultuous, noisy, great, violent)

• शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - cry (sound, noise, cry, word)

• भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - from all beings (of beings, of creatures)

• समपद्यत (samapadyata) - arose (arose, occurred, happened)

• सीमावृक्षे (sīmāvṛkṣe) - when the boundary tree (metaphorically Bhishma) (on the boundary tree)

• निपतिते (nipatite) - had fallen (fallen, collapsed)

• कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus (the royal lineage) (of the Kurus)

• समितीक्षये (samitīkṣaye) - marking the destruction of their assembly (samiti) (at the destruction of the assembly/council, at the end of the conflict)

Words meanings and morphology

हा हा (hā hā) - Alas! Alas! (alas! oh!)

(indeclinable)

Note: Expresses sorrow.

इति (iti) - (marking the end of a quotation) (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the preceding 'hā hā' as a sound or cry.

तुमुलः (tumulaḥ) - tumultuous (tumultuous, noisy, great, violent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, noisy, agitated, great, violent

Note: Agrees with 'śabdaḥ'.

शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - cry (sound, noise, cry, word)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, cry, word

Note: Subject of 'samapadyata'.

भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - from all beings (of beings, of creatures)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, ghost, past

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

From root bhū (to be, exist)

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Indicates the source of the sound.

समपद्यत (samapadyata) - arose (arose, occurred, happened)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of sam-pad

Imperfect Tense (Ātmanepada)

Root pad (to go) in the 4th class, imperfect third singular Ātmanepada

Prefix: sam

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Main verb.

सीमावृक्षे (sīmāvṛkṣe) - when the boundary tree (metaphorically Bhishma) (on the boundary tree)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sīmāvṛkṣa

sīmāvṛkṣa - boundary tree, landmark tree

Compound type : tatpurusha (sīmā+vṛkṣa)

• sīmā – boundary, limit, frontier
  noun (feminine)
• vṛkṣa – tree
  noun (masculine)

Note: Part of absolute locative construction.

निपतिते (nipatite) - had fallen (fallen, collapsed)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of nipatita

nipatita - fallen down, descended, collapsed

Past Passive Participle

From root pat (to fall) with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Part of absolute locative construction, agreeing with 'sīmāvṛkṣe'.

कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus (the royal lineage) (of the Kurus)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - name of an ancient king and his dynasty; the Kurus

Note: Possessive, related to 'sīmāvṛkṣe' and 'samitīkṣaye'.

समितीक्षये (samitīkṣaye) - marking the destruction of their assembly (samiti) (at the destruction of the assembly/council, at the end of the conflict)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samitīkṣaya

samitīkṣaya - destruction of assembly/council, end of conflict

Compound type : tatpurusha (samiti+kṣaya)

• samiti – assembly, council, meeting, battle, conflict
  noun (feminine)
• kṣaya – destruction, loss, end, decay
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kṣi (class 5)

Note: Part of absolute locative construction, providing the context for the 'sīmāvṛkṣe nipatite'.