महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-115, verse-21

दृष्ट्वा च पतितं भीष्मं पुत्रो दुःशासनस्तव ।
उत्तमं जवमास्थाय द्रोणानीकं समाद्रवत् ॥२१॥

21. dṛṣṭvā ca patitaṁ bhīṣmaṁ putro duḥśāsanastava ,
uttamaṁ javamāsthāya droṇānīkaṁ samādravat.

21. dṛṣṭvā ca patitam bhīṣmam putraḥ duḥśāsanaḥ tava
uttamam javam āsthāya droṇānīkam samādravat

21. ca tava putraḥ duḥśāsanaḥ bhīṣmam patitam dṛṣṭvā
uttamam javam āsthāya droṇānīkam samādravat

21. And your son Duhshasana (Duḥśāsana), having seen Bhishma (Bhīṣma) fallen, then quickly rushed, taking on great speed, to Drona's (Droṇa's) army.

Words meanings summery:

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having beheld

• च (ca) - and

• पतितम् (patitam) - fallen, struck down

• भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - The grand-uncle of the Kurus and Pandavas, commander of the Kaurava army. (Bhishma)

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - Refers to Duhshasana, son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (son)

• दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - One of the Kaurava brothers, son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (Duhshasana)

• तव (tava) - Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son. (your)

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, best, supreme

• जवम् (javam) - speed, swiftness, haste

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having resorted to, having taken up, having assumed

• द्रोणानीकम् (droṇānīkam) - Refers to the military division led by Drona. (Drona's army)

• समाद्रवत् (samādravat) - he ran to, he hastened towards

Words meanings and morphology

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having beheld

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'dṛś' (to see) with suffix '-tvā'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पतितम् (patitam) - fallen, struck down

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, descended, struck down (past passive participle)

Past Passive Participle

From root 'pat' (to fall) with suffix '-ta'.

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with bhīṣmam.

भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - The grand-uncle of the Kurus and Pandavas, commander of the Kaurava army. (Bhishma)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper noun), terrible, formidable

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - Refers to Duhshasana, son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Subject of 'samādravat'.

दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - One of the Kaurava brothers, son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (Duhshasana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥśāsana

duḥśāsana - Duhshasana (proper noun), difficult to rule/control

Compound: 'dus' (bad, difficult) + 'śāsana' (ruling, discipline).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dus+śāsana)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill-
  indeclinable
• śāsana – ruling, governing, teaching, command
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'śās' (to rule, teach, command).
  Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Apposition to 'putraḥ'.

तव (tava) - Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son. (your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Possessive, "your son".

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, best, supreme

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttama

uttama - highest, best, excellent, principal

Superlative of 'ud' (up) or 'ūrdhva' (high).

Note: Agrees with javam.

जवम् (javam) - speed, swiftness, haste

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of java

java - speed, swiftness, haste, impulse

From root 'jū' (to hasten, be swift).

Root: jū (class 1)

Note: Object of 'āsthāya'.

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having resorted to, having taken up, having assumed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From prefix 'ā' + root 'sthā' (to stand, resort to) with suffix '-ya' (after prefixes).

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

द्रोणानीकम् (droṇānīkam) - Refers to the military division led by Drona. (Drona's army)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of droṇānīka

droṇānīka - Drona's army, army of Drona

Compound: Droṇa (proper noun) + anīka (army).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (droṇa+anīka)

• droṇa – Drona (proper noun), a measure of capacity
  proper noun (masculine)
• anīka – army, host, array, face
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'samādravat'.

समाद्रवत् (samādravat) - he ran to, he hastened towards

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dhav

Imperfect 3rd Person Singular

From prefixes 'sam' and 'ā' + root 'dru' (to run). 'a-' is augment for imperfect.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'duḥśāsanaḥ'.