महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-115, verse-60

निविष्टान्पाण्डवांश्चापि प्रीयमाणान्महारथान् ।
भीष्मस्य पतनाद्धृष्टानुपगम्य महारथान् ।
उवाच यादवः काले धर्मपुत्रं युधिष्ठिरम् ॥६०॥

60. niviṣṭānpāṇḍavāṁścāpi prīyamāṇānmahārathān ,
bhīṣmasya patanāddhṛṣṭānupagamya mahārathān ,
uvāca yādavaḥ kāle dharmaputraṁ yudhiṣṭhiram.

60. niviṣṭān pāṇḍavān ca api prīyamāṇān
mahārathān bhīṣmasya patanāt hṛṣṭān
upagamya mahārathān uvāca yādavaḥ
kāle dharmaputram yudhiṣṭhiram

60. yādavaḥ kāle bhīṣmasya patanāt
prīyamāṇān hṛṣṭān ca api niviṣṭān
mahārathān pāṇḍavān upagamya
dharmaputram yudhiṣṭhiram uvāca

60. The Yādava (Krishna), approaching the great charioteers (mahāratha), the Pāṇḍavas, who were encamped, rejoicing, and delighted by the fall of Bhishma, spoke to Yudhishthira, the son of Dharma (dharma), at the opportune moment.

Words meanings summery:

• निविष्टान् (niviṣṭān) - Having settled down in their camps. (encamped, settled, situated)

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pandavas, sons of Pandu

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - Emphasizing that they were also rejoicing/delighted, in addition to being encamped. (also, even, too)

• प्रीयमाणान् (prīyamāṇān) - Rejoicing due to Bhishma's fall. (rejoicing, being pleased, feeling affection)

• महारथान् (mahārathān) - great charioteers, great warriors

• भीष्मस्य (bhīṣmasya) - of Bhishma

• पतनात् (patanāt) - Due to Bhishma's defeat/fall in battle. (from the fall, due to the fall, from falling)

• हृष्टान् (hṛṣṭān) - Delighted by Bhishma's fall. (delighted, joyful, pleased)

• उपगम्य (upagamya) - having approached, having gone near

• महारथान् (mahārathān) - Refers to the Pandavas specifically. (great charioteers, great warriors)

• उवाच (uvāca) - Krishna spoke. (he spoke, he said)

• यादवः (yādavaḥ) - Referring to Krishna. (the Yādava, a descendant of Yadu)

• काले (kāle) - in time, at the right time, opportunely

• धर्मपुत्रम् (dharmaputram) - Referring to Yudhishthira. (the son of Dharma (dharma))

• युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhishthira

Words meanings and morphology

निविष्टान् (niviṣṭān) - Having settled down in their camps. (encamped, settled, situated)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of niviṣṭa

niviṣṭa - entered, settled, encamped, situated

Past Passive Participle

From prefix 'ni' + root 'viś' (to enter) + kta suffix

Prefix: ni

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Modifies pāṇḍavān and mahārathān.

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pandavas, sons of Pandu

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - a descendant of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

Derived from Pāṇḍu (name of their father)

Note: Object of upagamya.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: Connects 'pāṇḍavān' with the following descriptive terms.

अपि (api) - Emphasizing that they were also rejoicing/delighted, in addition to being encamped. (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Particle

प्रीयमाणान् (prīyamāṇān) - Rejoicing due to Bhishma's fall. (rejoicing, being pleased, feeling affection)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prīyamāṇa

prīyamāṇa - rejoicing, being pleased, feeling affection, beloved

Present Middle Participle

From root 'prī' (to please, love, rejoice) + śānac suffix

Root: prī (class 9)

महारथान् (mahārathān) - great charioteers, great warriors

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great warrior, a great charioteer (mahāratha)

Karmadhāraya compound of 'mahat' (great) and 'ratha' (chariot/warrior)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+ratha)

• mahat – great, large, vast
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, war-chariot; a warrior (who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ramh

Note: Appositive to pāṇḍavān.

भीष्मस्य (bhīṣmasya) - of Bhishma

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper noun), terrible, formidable

Note: Possessive, 'of Bhishma'.

पतनात् (patanāt) - Due to Bhishma's defeat/fall in battle. (from the fall, due to the fall, from falling)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of patana

patana - falling, descent, fall, defeat

From root 'pat' (to fall)

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Indicates the cause of their joy.

हृष्टान् (hṛṣṭān) - Delighted by Bhishma's fall. (delighted, joyful, pleased)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - delighted, joyful, pleased, excited

Past Passive Participle

From root 'hṛṣ' (to be pleased, excited) + kta suffix

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

उपगम्य (upagamya) - having approached, having gone near

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from prefix 'upa' + root 'gam' + suffix 'lyap'

Prefix: upa

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Connects to the main verb uvāca.

महारथान् (mahārathān) - Refers to the Pandavas specifically. (great charioteers, great warriors)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great warrior, a great charioteer (mahāratha)

Karmadhāraya compound of 'mahat' (great) and 'ratha' (chariot/warrior)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+ratha)

• mahat – great, large, vast
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, war-chariot; a warrior (who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ramh

Note: Repetition for emphasis or stylistic choice, referring to the Pandavas.

उवाच (uvāca) - Krishna spoke. (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect (Lit)

From root 'vac' (to speak) in perfect tense, 3rd person singular.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

यादवः (yādavaḥ) - Referring to Krishna. (the Yādava, a descendant of Yadu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yādava

yādava - a descendant of Yadu, a member of the Yadu clan (Yādava)

Derived from Yadu (ancestor of a lunar dynasty)

Note: Subject of uvāca.

काले (kāle) - in time, at the right time, opportunely

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, proper time, season, opportunity

Root: kal (class 1)

Note: Indicates time.

धर्मपुत्रम् (dharmaputram) - Referring to Yudhishthira. (the son of Dharma (dharma))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmaputra

dharmaputra - son of Dharma (dharma) (Dharma is personified as a deity, father of Yudhishthira), righteous son

Tatpurusha compound of 'dharma' (righteousness/personified deity) and 'putra' (son)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+putra)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, law, virtue, natural law, constitution (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
  Root: puṣ (class 4)

Note: Object of uvāca.

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (proper noun), steady in battle

Compound of 'yudhi' (in battle) and 'sthira' (firm, steady)

Compound type : aluk-tatpurusha (yudh+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight, war
  noun (feminine)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady, constant, immovable
  adjective
  From root 'sthā' (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Object of uvāca, in apposition to dharmaputram.