महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-115, verse-8

स शेते शरतल्पस्थो मेदिनीमस्पृशंस्तदा ।
भीष्मो रथात्प्रपतितः प्रच्युतो धरणीतले ॥८॥

8. sa śete śaratalpastho medinīmaspṛśaṁstadā ,
bhīṣmo rathātprapatitaḥ pracyuto dharaṇītale.

8. sa śete śaratarpasthaḥ medinīm aspṛśan tadā
bhīṣmaḥ rathāt prapatitaḥ pracyutaḥ dharaṇītale

8. tadā bhīṣmaḥ rathāt prapatitaḥ dharaṇītale
pracyutaḥ sa śaratarpasthaḥ medinīm aspṛśan śete

8. Then, Bhishma, having fallen from his chariot and cast down upon the ground, lies upon a bed of arrows, not touching the earth.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he (Bhishma) (he, that)

• शेते (śete) - lies (lies down, rests)

• शरतर्पस्थः (śaratarpasthaḥ) - lying on a bed of arrows (standing/lying on a bed of arrows)

• मेदिनीम् (medinīm) - the earth (the earth, ground)

• अस्पृशन् (aspṛśan) - not touching

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

• रथात् (rathāt) - from his chariot (from the chariot)

• प्रपतितः (prapatitaḥ) - having fallen (fallen, thrown down)

• प्रच्युतः (pracyutaḥ) - cast down (fallen, deviated, cast down)

• धरणीतले (dharaṇītale) - upon the ground (on the surface of the earth)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he (Bhishma) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Bhishma.

शेते (śete) - lies (lies down, rests)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of śī

Present Tense (Ātmanepada)

Root śī (to lie down) in the 2nd class, present third singular Ātmanepada

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Main verb.

शरतर्पस्थः (śaratarpasthaḥ) - lying on a bed of arrows (standing/lying on a bed of arrows)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaratarpastha

śaratarpastha - situated on a bed of arrows

Compound type : bahuvrihi (śara+talpa+stha)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• talpa – bed, couch, seat
  noun (masculine)
• stha – standing, being, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun/Derivative
  From root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Describes Bhishma's state.

मेदिनीम् (medinīm) - the earth (the earth, ground)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of medinī

medinī - earth, ground

Note: Object of 'aspṛśan'.

अस्पृशन् (aspṛśan) - not touching

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aspṛśat

aspṛśat - not touching, untouching

Present Active Participle (Negative)

From root spṛś (to touch) with negative prefix a-

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+spṛśat)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• spṛśat – touching
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  From root spṛś (to touch) in the 6th class
  Root: spṛś (class 6)

Note: Describes Bhishma's state while lying.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a prominent character in the Mahabharata)

Note: Subject of 'śete', further identified.

रथात् (rathāt) - from his chariot (from the chariot)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Note: Source of falling.

प्रपतितः (prapatitaḥ) - having fallen (fallen, thrown down)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prapatita

prapatita - fallen down, descended

Past Passive Participle

From root pat (to fall) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Describes Bhishma's state.

प्रच्युतः (pracyutaḥ) - cast down (fallen, deviated, cast down)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pracyuta

pracyuta - fallen, separated, deprived of, cast down

Past Passive Participle

From root cyu (to move, shake, fall) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: cyu (class 1)

Note: Describes Bhishma's state.

धरणीतले (dharaṇītale) - upon the ground (on the surface of the earth)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dharaṇītala

dharaṇītala - surface of the earth, ground

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharaṇī+tala)

• dharaṇī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• tala – surface, plane, flat ground
  noun (neuter)

Note: Location where Bhishma was cast.