महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-115, verse-32

अभिनन्द्य स तानेवं शिरसा लम्बताब्रवीत् ।
शिरो मे लम्बतेऽत्यर्थमुपधानं प्रदीयताम् ॥३२॥

32. abhinandya sa tānevaṁ śirasā lambatābravīt ,
śiro me lambate'tyarthamupadhānaṁ pradīyatām.

32. abhinandya sa tān evam śirasā lambatā abravīt
śiraḥ me lambate atyartham upadhānam pradīyatām

32. sa tān evam abhinandya,
śirasā lambatā abravīt: "me śiraḥ atyartham lambate,
upadhānam pradīyatām"

32. Having thus greeted them with his head bowed, he said: "My head is sinking greatly; let a pillow be provided."

Words meanings summery:

• अभिनन्द्य (abhinandya) - having greeted, having welcomed, having rejoiced

• स (sa) - Refers to Bhishma. (he, that)

• तान् (tān) - Refers to the Pāṇḍavas and Kurus. (them (masculine plural))

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• शिरसा (śirasā) - Implies a gesture of bowing the head. (with the head, by the head)

• लम्बता (lambatā) - Refers to Bhishma's head hanging down (bowed). (by the act of hanging down, drooping)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, spoke

• शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

• मे (me) - my, to me

• लम्बते (lambate) - hangs down, droops, sinks

• अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - exceedingly, greatly, too much

• उपधानम् (upadhānam) - a pillow, cushion

• प्रदीयताम् (pradīyatām) - let it be given, let it be provided

Words meanings and morphology

अभिनन्द्य (abhinandya) - having greeted, having welcomed, having rejoiced

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

From root 'nand' (to rejoice) with prefix 'abhi' + 'lyap'.

Prefix: abhi

Root: nand (class 1)

स (sa) - Refers to Bhishma. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Masculine nominative singular of 'tad'.

तान् (tān) - Refers to the Pāṇḍavas and Kurus. (them (masculine plural))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Masculine accusative plural of 'tad'.

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form.

शिरसा (śirasā) - Implies a gesture of bowing the head. (with the head, by the head)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, skull, top

s-stem noun (śiras).

लम्बता (lambatā) - Refers to Bhishma's head hanging down (bowed). (by the act of hanging down, drooping)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of lambatā

lambatā - the act or state of hanging down, drooping

Derived from root 'lamb' (to hang). Instrumental singular.

Root: lamb (class 1)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bru

Past tense (Imperfect)

Imperfect active 3rd singular of root 'bru'.

Root: bru (class 2)

Note: Subject is 'sa'.

शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, skull, top

s-stem noun (śiras).

मे (me) - my, to me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Enclitic form of 'asmad', genitive singular.

लम्बते (lambate) - hangs down, droops, sinks

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of lamb

Present tense

Present indicative middle 3rd singular of root 'lamb'.

Root: lamb (class 1)

अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - exceedingly, greatly, too much

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of 'atyartha'.

Compound type : avyayībhāva (ati+artha)

• ati – over, beyond, excessively
  indeclinable
• artha – meaning, purpose, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

उपधानम् (upadhānam) - a pillow, cushion

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of upadhāna

upadhāna - pillow, cushion, support, application

From 'upa-dhā' (to put near/under).

Prefix: upa

Root: dhā (class 3)

प्रदीयताम् (pradīyatām) - let it be given, let it be provided

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of pradā

Imperative Passive

Imperative passive 3rd singular of root 'dā' with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)