महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-115, verse-57

उपधानं ततो दत्त्वा पितुस्तव जनेश्वर ।
सहिताः पाण्डवाः सर्वे कुरवश्च महारथाः ॥५७॥

57. upadhānaṁ tato dattvā pitustava janeśvara ,
sahitāḥ pāṇḍavāḥ sarve kuravaśca mahārathāḥ.

57. upadhānam tataḥ dattvā pituḥ tava janeśvara
sahitāḥ pāṇḍavāḥ sarve kuravaḥ ca mahārathāḥ

57. tataḥ janeśvara sarve pāṇḍavāḥ ca mahārathāḥ
kuravaḥ sahitāḥ tava pituḥ upadhānam dattvā

57. Then, O lord of men, all the Pandavas and the great chariot-warrior Kurus, having given a pillow to your father, assembled together.

Words meanings summery:

• उपधानम् (upadhānam) - pillow (pillow, cushion, anything placed under)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

• दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given

• पितुः (pituḥ) - to your father (Bhishma) (of the father, to the father (genitive/dative singular))

• तव (tava) - of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (the narrator) (your (genitive singular of 'yuṣmad'))

• जनेश्वर (janeśvara) - O lord of men, O king (masculine vocative singular)

• सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - assembled together (accompanied, together, assembled (masculine nominative plural))

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pandavas (masculine nominative plural)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (Pandavas and Kurus) (all, entire (masculine nominative plural))

• कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - the Kurus (masculine nominative plural)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great chariot-warrior Kurus (great chariot-warriors (masculine nominative plural))

Words meanings and morphology

उपधानम् (upadhānam) - pillow (pillow, cushion, anything placed under)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of upadhāna

upadhāna - pillow, cushion, anything placed under, support

Prefix: upa

Root: dhā (class 3)

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the root 'dā' (to give) with suffix '-tvā'

Root: dā (class 3)

पितुः (pituḥ) - to your father (Bhishma) (of the father, to the father (genitive/dative singular))

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

Note: Can be genitive or dative. Dative is more fitting with 'dattvā'.

तव (tava) - of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (the narrator) (your (genitive singular of 'yuṣmad'))

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

जनेश्वर (janeśvara) - O lord of men, O king (masculine vocative singular)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of janeśvara

janeśvara - lord of men, king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jana+īśvara)

• jana – man, people
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, ruler, master
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 2)

सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - assembled together (accompanied, together, assembled (masculine nominative plural))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahita

sahita - accompanied, joined, together, assembled

Past Passive Participle

Derived from 'sa-' (with) + root 'dhā' (to place) and 'ita' (from i- to go). More commonly 'sa' + 'hita' from 'dhā'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sa+hita)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• hita – placed, joined, beneficial
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'dhā' (to place)
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with Pandavas and Kurus.

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pandavas (masculine nominative plural)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, the Pandavas

सर्वे (sarve) - all (Pandavas and Kurus) (all, entire (masculine nominative plural))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire

Note: Agrees with 'pāṇḍavāḥ' and 'kuravaḥ'.

कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - the Kurus (masculine nominative plural)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - a member of the Kuru dynasty, the Kurus

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great chariot-warrior Kurus (great chariot-warriors (masculine nominative plural))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great chariot-warrior

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'kuravaḥ'.