महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-115, verse-54

नैष धर्मो महीपालाः शरतल्पगतस्य मे ।
एतैरेव शरैश्चाहं दग्धव्योऽन्ते नराधिपाः ॥५४॥

54. naiṣa dharmo mahīpālāḥ śaratalpagatasya me ,
etaireva śaraiścāhaṁ dagdhavyo'nte narādhipāḥ.

54. na eṣaḥ dharmaḥ mahīpālāḥ śaratpalpagatasya me
etaiḥ eva śaraiḥ ca aham dagdhavyaḥ ante narādhipāḥ

54. mahīpālāḥ narādhipāḥ eṣaḥ na dharmaḥ me śaratpalpagatasya
aham etaiḥ eva śaraiḥ ca ante dagdhavyaḥ

54. O kings! This is not the proper conduct (dharma) for me, who lies on a bed of arrows. O rulers of men, I am to be cremated at the end by these very arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (masculine nominative singular)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - proper conduct (dharma) (proper conduct, duty, law, righteousness)

• महीपालाः (mahīpālāḥ) - O kings, O protectors of the earth

• शरत्पल्पगतस्य (śaratpalpagatasya) - of me, who lies on a bed of arrows (of one who lies on a bed of arrows)

• मे (me) - for me (to me, for me, my (dative/genitive singular of 'asmad'))

• एतैः (etaiḥ) - by these arrows (by these (masculine/neuter instrumental plural))

• एव (eva) - very (indeed, only, very)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

• च (ca) - also (and, also)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• दग्धव्यः (dagdhavyaḥ) - to be cremated (to be burnt, to be cremated (masculine nominative singular))

• अन्ते (ante) - at the end (at the end, finally)

• नराधिपाः (narādhipāḥ) - O rulers of men, O kings

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (masculine nominative singular)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - proper conduct (dharma) (proper conduct, duty, law, righteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - proper conduct, duty, law, righteousness, virtue, natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

महीपालाः (mahīpālāḥ) - O kings, O protectors of the earth

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of mahīpāla

mahīpāla - king, protector of the earth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+pāla)

• mahī – earth, land
  noun (feminine)
• pāla – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root pāl- 'to protect'
  Root: pāl (class 1)

शरत्पल्पगतस्य (śaratpalpagatasya) - of me, who lies on a bed of arrows (of one who lies on a bed of arrows)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śaratpalpagata

śaratpalpagata - lying on a bed of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+talpa+gata)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• talpa – bed, couch
  noun (masculine)
• gata – gone, reached, obtained, situated, lying
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root 'gam' (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

मे (me) - for me (to me, for me, my (dative/genitive singular of 'asmad'))

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, myself

Note: Alternate form for genitive singular is mama.

एतैः (etaiḥ) - by these arrows (by these (masculine/neuter instrumental plural))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this

एव (eva) - very (indeed, only, very)

(indeclinable)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

च (ca) - also (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, myself

दग्धव्यः (dagdhavyaḥ) - to be cremated (to be burnt, to be cremated (masculine nominative singular))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dagdhavya

dagdhavya - to be burnt, to be cremated

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'dah' (to burn) with suffix '-tavya'

Root: dah (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'aham'

अन्ते (ante) - at the end (at the end, finally)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of anta

anta - end, limit, conclusion

नराधिपाः (narādhipāḥ) - O rulers of men, O kings

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of narādhipa

narādhipa - king, ruler of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord
  noun (masculine)