महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-115, verse-14

इति स्म शरतल्पस्थं भरतानाममध्यमम् ।
ऋषयः पर्यधावन्त सहिताः सिद्धचारणैः ॥१४॥

14. iti sma śaratalpasthaṁ bharatānāmamadhyamam ,
ṛṣayaḥ paryadhāvanta sahitāḥ siddhacāraṇaiḥ.

14. iti sma śaratpalpastham bharatānām amadhyamam
ṛṣayaḥ pari adhāvanta sahitāḥ siddhacāraṇaiḥ

14. iti sma ṛṣayaḥ sahitāḥ siddhacāraṇaiḥ
śaratpalpastham bharatānām amadhyamam pari adhāvanta

14. Thus, the sages, accompanied by Siddhas and Charanas, gathered around the foremost among the Bharatas (Bhishma), who lay on his bed of arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus, so, indeed, in this manner

• स्म (sma) - indeed, verily, a particle indicating past tense with present tense verbs

• शरत्पल्पस्थम् (śaratpalpastham) - referring to Bhishma, who was lying on a bed of arrows (situated on a bed of arrows, lying on a couch of arrows)

• भरतानाम् (bharatānām) - of the Kuru dynasty/family (of the Bharatas, of the descendants of Bharata)

• अमध्यमम् (amadhyamam) - the eldest and most respected, referring to Bhishma (not middle, pre-eminent, chief, foremost)

• ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers

• परि (pari) - around (indicating movement around an object) (around, about, fully, completely)

• अधावन्त (adhāvanta) - they gathered around (Bhishma) (they ran, they rushed, they gathered around)

• सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - accompanied (by Siddhas and Charanas) (accompanied, joined, together with)

• सिद्धचारणैः (siddhacāraṇaiḥ) - by Siddhas and Charanas (demi-gods)

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus, so, indeed, in this manner

(indeclinable)

स्म (sma) - indeed, verily, a particle indicating past tense with present tense verbs

(indeclinable)

शरत्पल्पस्थम् (śaratpalpastham) - referring to Bhishma, who was lying on a bed of arrows (situated on a bed of arrows, lying on a couch of arrows)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śaratpalpastha

śaratpalpastha - situated on a bed of arrows

Compound type : tatpurusha (śara+talpa+stha)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• talpa – bed, couch, mattress
  noun (masculine)
• stha – standing, situated, being in
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'sthā' (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: It is an accusative form modifying an implied object (Bhishma).

भरतानाम् (bharatānām) - of the Kuru dynasty/family (of the Bharatas, of the descendants of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bharata

bharata - a descendant of Bharata, a member of the Bharata lineage, an Indian

अमध्यमम् (amadhyamam) - the eldest and most respected, referring to Bhishma (not middle, pre-eminent, chief, foremost)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of amadhyama

amadhyama - not middle, chief, excellent, pre-eminent, eldest (among those present)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+madhyama)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• madhyama – middle, central, intermediate
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Modifies the implied object (Bhishma) along with 'śaratpalpastham'.

ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Note: Subject of the verb 'adhāvanta'.

परि (pari) - around (indicating movement around an object) (around, about, fully, completely)

(indeclinable)

Preposition/upasarga

Note: Upasarga for 'adhāvanta'.

अधावन्त (adhāvanta) - they gathered around (Bhishma) (they ran, they rushed, they gathered around)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of dhāv

Prefix: pari

Root: dhāv (class 1)

Note: 3rd plural imperfect active form.

सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - accompanied (by Siddhas and Charanas) (accompanied, joined, together with)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahita

sahita - accompanied, joined, united, together with

Past Passive Participle

Derived from prefix 'sa' (with) and root 'hi' (from 'dhā', to place/set)

Prefix: sa

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Adjective modifying 'ṛṣayaḥ'.

सिद्धचारणैः (siddhacāraṇaiḥ) - by Siddhas and Charanas (demi-gods)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of siddhacāraṇa

siddhacāraṇa - Siddhas and Charanas (classes of celestial beings or demi-gods)

Compound type : dvandva (siddha+cāraṇa)

• siddha – a perfected being, a semi-divine being, a sage
  noun (masculine)
• cāraṇa – a wandering bard, a celestial musician, a class of demi-gods
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates accompaniment with 'sahitāḥ'.