महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-115, verse-23

तमायान्तमभिप्रेक्ष्य कुरवः पर्यवारयन् ।
दुःशासनं महाराज किमयं वक्ष्यतीति वै ॥२३॥

23. tamāyāntamabhiprekṣya kuravaḥ paryavārayan ,
duḥśāsanaṁ mahārāja kimayaṁ vakṣyatīti vai.

23. tam āyāntam abhiprekṣya kuravaḥ paryavārayan
duḥśāsanam mahārāja kim ayam vakṣyati iti vai

23. mahārāja tam āyāntam abhiprekṣya kuravaḥ
duḥśāsanam paryavārayan ayam kim vakṣyati iti vai

23. O great king, having observed him approaching, the Kurus surrounded Duḥśāsana, wondering what he (Duḥśāsana) would indeed say.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him

• आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - coming, approaching

• अभिप्रेक्ष्य (abhiprekṣya) - having observed, having seen

• कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - the Kurus

• पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - they surrounded

• दुःशासनम् (duḥśāsanam) - Duḥśāsana

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• किम् (kim) - what, whether

• अयम् (ayam) - this one, he

• वक्ष्यति (vakṣyati) - will say

• इति (iti) - thus, saying

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - coming, approaching

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āyānt

āyānt - coming, approaching

Present Active Participle

from ā-yā (to come, approach)

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: agrees with tam

अभिप्रेक्ष्य (abhiprekṣya) - having observed, having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from abhi-pra-īkṣ (to look at, observe)

Prefixes: abhi+pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - the Kurus

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - Kuru (name of an ancient king and his descendants)

पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - they surrounded

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of paryavāray

Imperfect tense, 3rd person plural

Prefixes: pari+ava

Root: vṛ (class 5)

दुःशासनम् (duḥśāsanam) - Duḥśāsana

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duḥśāsana

duḥśāsana - Duḥśāsana (name of a Kuru prince)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rāja)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

किम् (kim) - what, whether

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, whether, why

Note: interrogative particle

अयम् (ayam) - this one, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, he, she, it

Note: refers to Duḥśāsana

वक्ष्यति (vakṣyati) - will say

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vac

Future tense, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus, saying

(indeclinable)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)