महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-36, verse-7

मर्माण्यस्थीनि हृदयं तथासून्घोरा वाचो निर्दहन्तीह पुंसाम् ।
तस्माद्वाचं रुशतीं रूक्षरूपां धर्मारामो नित्यशो वर्जयीत ॥७॥

7. marmāṇyasthīni hṛdayaṁ tathāsū;nghorā vāco nirdahantīha puṁsām ,
tasmādvācaṁ ruśatīṁ rūkṣarūpāṁ; dharmārāmo nityaśo varjayīta.

7. marmāṇi asthīni hṛdayam tathā asūn
ghorāḥ vācaḥ nirdahanti iha puṃsām
tasmāt vācam ruśatīm rūkṣarūpām
dharmārāmaḥ nityaśaḥ varjayīta

7. Dreadful words here burn up men's vital organs, bones, heart, and even their vital breaths (asu). Therefore, one who delights in righteousness (dharma) should always avoid speech that is injurious and harsh in nature.

Words meanings summery:

• मर्माणि (marmāṇi) - vital parts, vulnerable spots

• अस्थीनि (asthīni) - bones

• हृदयम् (hṛdayam) - heart, mind

• तथा (tathā) - and, thus, similarly

• असून् (asūn) - vital breaths, life forces

• घोराः (ghorāḥ) - dreadful, terrible, fearful

• वाचः (vācaḥ) - words, speeches

• निर्दहन्ति (nirdahanti) - burn up, consume, destroy

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• पुंसाम् (puṁsām) - of men, of persons

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• वाचम् (vācam) - speech, word

• रुशतीम् (ruśatīm) - injurious, hurting, cruel

• रूक्षरूपाम् (rūkṣarūpām) - of harsh form, of rough nature

• धर्मारामः (dharmārāmaḥ) - one who delights in righteousness

• नित्यशः (nityaśaḥ) - always, perpetually, constantly

• वर्जयीत (varjayīta) - one should avoid, one should shun

Words meanings and morphology

मर्माणि (marmāṇi) - vital parts, vulnerable spots

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of marman

marman - vital part, vulnerable spot (in the body), joint

अस्थीनि (asthīni) - bones

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of asthi

asthi - bone

हृदयम् (hṛdayam) - heart, mind

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hṛdaya

hṛdaya - heart, mind, soul, core

तथा (tathā) - and, thus, similarly

(indeclinable)

असून् (asūn) - vital breaths, life forces

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of asu

asu - breath, vital air, life, spirit

घोराः (ghorāḥ) - dreadful, terrible, fearful

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of ghora

ghora - dreadful, terrible, fearful, formidable

वाचः (vācaḥ) - words, speeches

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vāc

vāc - speech, word, voice

निर्दहन्ति (nirdahanti) - burn up, consume, destroy

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of √dah

Prefix: nir

Root: √dah (class 1)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

पुंसाम् (puṁsām) - of men, of persons

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of puṃs

puṁs - man, male, person, human being

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an ablative of 'that' (tad), functioning as 'therefore'.

वाचम् (vācam) - speech, word

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - speech, word, voice

रुशतीम् (ruśatīm) - injurious, hurting, cruel

(participle)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ruśat

ruśat - injuring, hurting, cruel, fierce

Present Active Participle

Present active participle (feminine form) of root √ruś (to injure, hurt).

Root: √ruś (class 1)

रूक्षरूपाम् (rūkṣarūpām) - of harsh form, of rough nature

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rūkṣarūpa

rūkṣarūpa - of harsh form, of rough nature, rough-looking

Compound type : karmadhāraya (rūkṣa+rūpa)

• rūkṣa – harsh, rough, rude, dry
  adjective (feminine)
• rūpa – form, nature, appearance, shape
  noun (neuter)

धर्मारामः (dharmārāmaḥ) - one who delights in righteousness

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmārāma

dharmārāma - one who delights in righteousness (dharma)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dharma+ārāma)

• dharma – righteousness, natural law, duty, virtue
  noun (masculine)
• ārāma – delight, pleasure, garden
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from the root √ram (to delight, sport) with prefix ā.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: √ram (class 1)

नित्यशः (nityaśaḥ) - always, perpetually, constantly

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'nitya' (eternal, constant) with suffix '-śas'.

वर्जयीत (varjayīta) - one should avoid, one should shun

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of √vṛj

Causative form, Optative Mood

Optative 3rd person singular middle voice of the causative stem 'varjaya' from root √vṛj.

Root: √vṛj (class 10)