महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-36, verse-48

नित्योद्विग्नमिदं सर्वं नित्योद्विग्नमिदं मनः ।
यत्तत्पदमनुद्विग्नं तन्मे वद महामते ॥४८॥

48. nityodvignamidaṁ sarvaṁ nityodvignamidaṁ manaḥ ,
yattatpadamanudvignaṁ tanme vada mahāmate.

48. nityodvignam idam sarvam nityodvignam idam manaḥ
yat tat padam anudvignam tat me vada mahāmate

48. This entire world is constantly agitated, and this mind is also constantly agitated. O great-minded one, tell me about that state which is free from agitation.

Words meanings summery:

• नित्योद्विग्नम् (nityodvignam) - constantly agitated (constantly agitated, perpetually disturbed)

• इदम् (idam) - this (world) (this)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - this entire (world) (all, whole, entire)

• नित्योद्विग्नम् (nityodvignam) - constantly agitated (constantly agitated, perpetually disturbed)

• इदम् (idam) - this (mind) (this)

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind (mind, intellect, heart, thought)

• यत् (yat) - that which (state) (which, that which)

• तत् (tat) - that (state) (that)

• पदम् (padam) - state, condition (state, step, foot, place, word)

• अनुद्विग्नम् (anudvignam) - free from agitation (unagitated, undisturbed, calm)

• तत् (tat) - that (state, referring to the anudvignam padam) (that)

• मे (me) - to me (to me, for me)

• वद (vada) - tell (speak, tell)

• महामते (mahāmate) - O great-minded one (O great-minded one, O wise one)

Words meanings and morphology

नित्योद्विग्नम् (nityodvignam) - constantly agitated (constantly agitated, perpetually disturbed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nityodvigna

nityodvigna - constantly agitated, perpetually disturbed

Karmadhāraya Tatpuruṣa compound of 'nitya' (constant, perpetual) and 'udvigna' (agitated, disturbed - PPP of 'ud-vij').

Compound type : karmadhāraya tatpuruṣa (nitya+udvigna)

• nitya – constant, perpetual, eternal
  adjective (masculine)
• udvigna – agitated, disturbed, anxious
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root vij (to tremble) with prefix ud.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'idam sarvam'.

इदम् (idam) - this (world) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - this entire (world) (all, whole, entire)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every

Note: Subject, along with 'idam'.

नित्योद्विग्नम् (nityodvignam) - constantly agitated (constantly agitated, perpetually disturbed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nityodvigna

nityodvigna - constantly agitated, perpetually disturbed

Karmadhāraya Tatpuruṣa compound of 'nitya' (constant, perpetual) and 'udvigna' (agitated, disturbed - PPP of 'ud-vij').

Compound type : karmadhāraya tatpuruṣa (nitya+udvigna)

• nitya – constant, perpetual, eternal
  adjective (masculine)
• udvigna – agitated, disturbed, anxious
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root vij (to tremble) with prefix ud.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'idam manaḥ'.

इदम् (idam) - this (mind) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject.

मनः (manaḥ) - mind (mind, intellect, heart, thought)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, thought

's'-stem noun.

Root: man (class 4)

यत् (yat) - that which (state) (which, that which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, whatever, that which

Relative pronoun.

Note: Subject.

तत् (tat) - that (state) (that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Adjective modifying 'padam'.

पदम् (padam) - state, condition (state, step, foot, place, word)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pada

pada - state, step, foot, place, word, station

From root pad (to go, to fall).

Root: pad (class 4)

अनुद्विग्नम् (anudvignam) - free from agitation (unagitated, undisturbed, calm)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anudvigna

anudvigna - unagitated, undisturbed, calm

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound of 'a' (not) + 'udvigna' (agitated).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+udvigna)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle.
• udvigna – agitated, disturbed, anxious
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root vij (to tremble) with prefix ud.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'padam'.

तत् (tat) - that (state, referring to the anudvignam padam) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun, referring back to 'yad...padam anudvignam'.

मे (me) - to me (to me, for me)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

1st person singular pronoun. Enclitic form of dative/genitive.

Note: Also can be genitive, but dative fits better here.

वद (vada) - tell (speak, tell)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vad

Imperative Active

2nd singular, active voice.

Root: vad (class 1)

महामते (mahāmate) - O great-minded one (O great-minded one, O wise one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāmat

mahāmat - great-minded, wise

Bahuvrihi compound meaning 'one whose mind (mati) is great (mahā)'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+mati)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• mati – mind, intelligence, understanding, thought
  noun (feminine)
  From root man (to think)
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Addressed by Dhritarashtra.