महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-36, verse-6

नाक्रोशी स्यान्नावमानी परस्य मित्रद्रोही नोत नीचोपसेवी ।
न चातिमानी न च हीनवृत्तो रूक्षां वाचं रुशतीं वर्जयीत ॥६॥

6. nākrośī syānnāvamānī parasya; mitradrohī nota nīcopasevī ,
na cātimānī na ca hīnavṛtto; rūkṣāṁ vācaṁ ruśatīṁ varjayīta.

6. na ākrośī syāt na avamānī parasya
mitradrohī na uta nīcopasevī
na ca atimānī na ca hīnavṛttaḥ
rūkṣām vācam ruśatīm varjayīta

6. One should not be a reviler, nor an insulter of others, nor a betrayer of friends, nor a follower of low people. One should also not be excessively proud or of base conduct. One should always avoid speech that is harsh and hurtful.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• आक्रोशी (ākrośī) - a reviler, an abuser

• स्यात् (syāt) - should be, may be

• न (na) - not, no

• अवमानी (avamānī) - an insulter, one who disrespects

• परस्य (parasya) - of another, of someone else

• मित्रद्रोही (mitradrohī) - one who betrays a friend

• न (na) - not, no

• उत (uta) - and, also, moreover

• नीचोपसेवी (nīcopasevī) - one who associates with low people, one who serves inferiors

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• अतिमानी (atimānī) - excessively proud, arrogant

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• हीनवृत्तः (hīnavṛttaḥ) - of mean conduct, of base character

• रूक्षाम् (rūkṣām) - harsh, rough, rude

• वाचम् (vācam) - speech, word

• रुशतीम् (ruśatīm) - injurious, hurting, cruel

• वर्जयीत (varjayīta) - one should avoid, one should shun

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

आक्रोशी (ākrośī) - a reviler, an abuser

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ākrośin

ākrośin - reviler, abuser, one who reviles

Derived from the root √kruś (to cry out) with prefix ā and suffix -in.

Prefix: ā

Root: √kruś (class 1)

स्यात् (syāt) - should be, may be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of √as

Root: √as (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अवमानी (avamānī) - an insulter, one who disrespects

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avamānin

avamānin - one who insults, disrespectful, contemptuous

Derived from the root √man (to think) with prefix ava and suffix -in.

Prefix: ava

Root: √man (class 4)

परस्य (parasya) - of another, of someone else

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of para

para - other, another, stranger, supreme

मित्रद्रोही (mitradrohī) - one who betrays a friend

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mitradrohin

mitradrohin - betraying a friend, one who injures a friend

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mitra+drohin)

• mitra – friend, companion
  noun (masculine)
• drohin – injuring, betraying, treacherous
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun derived from √druh (to injure, hate).
  Root: √druh (class 4)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

उत (uta) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

नीचोपसेवी (nīcopasevī) - one who associates with low people, one who serves inferiors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nīcopasevin

nīcopasevin - serving low people, associating with vile persons

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nīca+upasevin)

• nīca – low, base, inferior, mean
  adjective (masculine)
• upasevin – serving, attending, frequenting, associating with
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  Derived from the root √sev (to serve) with prefix upa and suffix -in.
  Prefix: upa
  Root: √sev (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अतिमानी (atimānī) - excessively proud, arrogant

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atimānin

atimānin - excessively proud, arrogant, conceited

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ati+mānin)

• ati – over, beyond, excessively
  indeclinable
• mānin – proud, conceited, thinking much of oneself
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  Derived from the root √man (to think) with suffix -in.
  Root: √man (class 4)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

हीनवृत्तः (hīnavṛttaḥ) - of mean conduct, of base character

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hīnavṛtta

hīnavṛtta - of mean conduct, having abandoned conduct, immoral

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hīna+vṛtta)

• hīna – deficient, abandoned, low, mean
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root √hā (to abandon, forsake).
  Root: √hā (class 3)
• vṛtta – conduct, behavior, course, character
  noun (neuter)

रूक्षाम् (rūkṣām) - harsh, rough, rude

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rūkṣa

rūkṣa - harsh, rough, rude, dry

वाचम् (vācam) - speech, word

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - speech, word, voice

रुशतीम् (ruśatīm) - injurious, hurting, cruel

(participle)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ruśat

ruśat - injuring, hurting, cruel, fierce

Present Active Participle

Present active participle (feminine form) of root √ruś (to injure, hurt).

Root: √ruś (class 1)

वर्जयीत (varjayīta) - one should avoid, one should shun

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of √vṛj

Causative form, Optative Mood

Optative 3rd person singular middle voice of the causative stem 'varjaya' from root √vṛj.

Root: √vṛj (class 10)