महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-36, verse-68

पुरा ह्युक्तो नाकरोस्त्वं वचो मे द्यूते जितां द्रौपदीं प्रेक्ष्य राजन् ।
दुर्योधनं वारयेत्यक्षवत्यां कितवत्वं पण्डिता वर्जयन्ति ॥६८॥

68. purā hyukto nākarostvaṁ vaco me; dyūte jitāṁ draupadīṁ prekṣya rājan ,
duryodhanaṁ vārayetyakṣavatyāṁ; kitavatvaṁ paṇḍitā varjayanti.

68. purā hi uktaḥ na akaroḥ tvam vacaḥ
me dyūte jitām draupadīm prekṣya
rājan | duryodhanam vāraya iti akṣavatyām
kitavatvam paṇḍitāḥ varjayanti

68. O king, previously, when Draupadi was won in the dice game, you did not heed my words to 'restrain Duryodhana.' Indeed, wise individuals avoid the deceitful nature (kitavatva) of gambling (akṣavatī).

Words meanings summery:

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously, in ancient times

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - I, who had spoken (referring to Vidura) (spoken, said, told (masculine nom. sing.))

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• अकरोः (akaroḥ) - you did not do, you did not make

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, command

• मे (me) - my, to me, for me

• द्यूते (dyūte) - in gambling, in the dice game

• जिताम् (jitām) - conquered, won, defeated

• द्रौपदीम् (draupadīm) - Draupadi (daughter of Drupada)

• प्रेक्ष्य (prekṣya) - having seen, after seeing, observing

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana (proper name)

• वारय (vāraya) - restrain, stop, prevent (imperative)

• इति (iti) - thus, so, (marks a quotation)

• अक्षवत्याम् (akṣavatyām) - in the dice game, in gambling

• कितवत्वम् (kitavatvam) - gambling, deceit, fraud

• पण्डिताः (paṇḍitāḥ) - wise men, scholars

• वर्जयन्ति (varjayanti) - they avoid, they shun, they renounce

Words meanings and morphology

पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously, in ancient times

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - I, who had spoken (referring to Vidura) (spoken, said, told (masculine nom. sing.))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, declared

Past Passive Participle

Root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

अकरोः (akaroḥ) - you did not do, you did not make

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used with 'na' for negation.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular)

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, command

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying, command

मे (me) - my, to me, for me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

द्यूते (dyūte) - in gambling, in the dice game

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dyūta

dyūta - gambling, game of dice

Root: div (class 4)

जिताम् (jitām) - conquered, won, defeated

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jita

jita - conquered, won, defeated

Past Passive Participle

Root ji (to conquer)

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Draupadīm

द्रौपदीम् (draupadīm) - Draupadi (daughter of Drupada)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of draupadī

draupadī - Draupadi, daughter of Drupada

प्रेक्ष्य (prekṣya) - having seen, after seeing, observing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root īkṣ (to see) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana (proper name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (proper name, 'hard to fight')

वारय (vāraya) - restrain, stop, prevent (imperative)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vṛ

Causative form of root vṛ, class 10 or from class 1 with causative suffix.

Root: vṛ (class 1)

इति (iti) - thus, so, (marks a quotation)

(indeclinable)

अक्षवत्याम् (akṣavatyām) - in the dice game, in gambling

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of akṣavatī

akṣavatī - a dice-game, place of dice, gambling hall

Derived from akṣa (die/dice) + -vatī (possessive suffix, feminine)

कितवत्वम् (kitavatvam) - gambling, deceit, fraud

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kitavatva

kitavatva - gambling, deceitfulness, fraud, cheater's nature

Derived from kitava (gambler/cheater) + -tva (abstract noun suffix)

पण्डिताः (paṇḍitāḥ) - wise men, scholars

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paṇḍita

paṇḍita - wise, learned, scholar, pundit

वर्जयन्ति (varjayanti) - they avoid, they shun, they renounce

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vṛj

Root vṛj (to avoid), causative formation

Root: vṛj (class 1)