महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-31, verse-46

उवाच चैनं राजेन्द्र किं कार्यमिति पार्थिवम् ।
स चोवाच नृपस्तस्मै यदागमनकारणम् ॥४६॥

46. uvāca cainaṁ rājendra kiṁ kāryamiti pārthivam ,
sa covāca nṛpastasmai yadāgamanakāraṇam.

46. uvāca ca enam rājendra kim kāryam iti pārthivam
saḥ ca uvāca nṛpaḥ tasmai yat āgamana kāraṇam

46. ca enam pārthivam uvāca rājendra iti kim kāryam
ca saḥ nṛpaḥ tasmai yat āgamana kāraṇam uvāca

46. And he (Bhṛgu) addressed the king, saying, 'O ruler of kings, what is your purpose?' And the king in turn informed him of the reason for his arrival.

Words meanings summery:

• उवाच (uvāca) - Bhṛgu spoke ((he/she/it) spoke, said)

• च (ca) - and, also

• एनम् (enam) - the king (Vītahavya) (him)

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O ruler of kings, O best of kings

• किम् (kim) - what?

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - What is your purpose/business? (work, duty, purpose, what is to be done)

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so saying

• पार्थिवम् (pārthivam) - the visiting king (Vītahavya) (the king, the ruler)

• सः (saḥ) - the king (Vītahavya) (he)

• च (ca) - and, also

• उवाच (uvāca) - the king spoke ((he/she/it) spoke, said)

• नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - King Vītahavya (the king, the ruler)

• तस्मै (tasmai) - to Bhṛgu (to him)

• यत् (yat) - which, that which

• आगमन (āgamana) - arrival, coming

• कारणम् (kāraṇam) - reason, cause, motive

Words meanings and morphology

उवाच (uvāca) - Bhṛgu spoke ((he/she/it) spoke, said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - the king (Vītahavya) (him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O ruler of kings, O best of kings

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - king of kings, best of kings

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• indra – lord, chief, Indra (a god)
  noun (masculine)

किम् (kim) - what?

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

कार्यम् (kāryam) - What is your purpose/business? (work, duty, purpose, what is to be done)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - work, action, duty, purpose, what is to be done

Gerundive

From root kṛ (to do) with suffix -ya

Root: kṛ (class 8)

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so saying

(indeclinable)

पार्थिवम् (pārthivam) - the visiting king (Vītahavya) (the king, the ruler)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - relating to the earth, earthly; a king, ruler

सः (saḥ) - the king (Vītahavya) (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

उवाच (uvāca) - the king spoke ((he/she/it) spoke, said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - King Vītahavya (the king, the ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, monarch, ruler

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pā (class 2)

तस्मै (tasmai) - to Bhṛgu (to him)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

यत् (yat) - which, that which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what

आगमन (āgamana) - arrival, coming

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āgamana

āgamana - coming, arrival, approach

Verbal noun

From root gam (to go) with prefix ā (towards)

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

कारणम् (kāraṇam) - reason, cause, motive

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, motive, instrument

Root: kṛ (class 8)