महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-31, verse-37

निष्क्रम्य ते नरव्याघ्रा दंशिताश्चित्रयोधिनः ।
प्रतर्दनं समाजघ्नुः शरवर्षैरुदायुधाः ॥३७॥

37. niṣkramya te naravyāghrā daṁśitāścitrayodhinaḥ ,
pratardanaṁ samājaghnuḥ śaravarṣairudāyudhāḥ.

37. niṣkramya te naravyāghrāḥ daṃśitāḥ citrayodhinaḥ
pratardanam samājaghnuḥ śaravarṣaiḥ udāyudhāḥ

37. Those tiger-like men, armored and fighting skillfully, sallied forth and attacked Pratardana with showers of arrows, their weapons raised.

Words meanings summery:

• निष्क्रम्य (niṣkramya) - having gone out, having sallied forth

• ते (te) - they, those

• नरव्याघ्राः (naravyāghrāḥ) - tiger-like men, best of men, mighty men

• दंशिताः (daṁśitāḥ) - armored (armored, clad in mail, bitten)

• चित्रयोधिनः (citrayodhinaḥ) - skillful warriors, wonderful fighters

• प्रतर्दनम् (pratardanam) - Pratardana (name of a king)

• समाजघ्नुः (samājaghnuḥ) - they attacked (they struck, they attacked, they killed)

• शरवर्षैः (śaravarṣaiḥ) - with showers of arrows

• उदायुधाः (udāyudhāḥ) - with uplifted weapons, having raised weapons

Words meanings and morphology

निष्क्रम्य (niṣkramya) - having gone out, having sallied forth

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from niṣ-√kram (to step out)

Prefix: nis

Root: kram (class 1)

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the Vaitahavyas from the previous verse.

नरव्याघ्राः (naravyāghrāḥ) - tiger-like men, best of men, mighty men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of naravyāghra

naravyāghra - man-tiger, best of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (simile) (nara+vyāghra)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

दंशिताः (daṁśitāḥ) - armored (armored, clad in mail, bitten)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of daṃśita

daṁśita - armored, clad in mail; bitten

past passive participle

from √daṃś (to bite, to put on armor)

Root: daṃś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies naravyāghrāḥ.

चित्रयोधिनः (citrayodhinaḥ) - skillful warriors, wonderful fighters

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of citrayodhin

citrayodhin - fighting wonderfully, skillful warrior

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (citra+yodhin)

• citra – bright, clear, wonderful, various
  adjective (neuter)
• yodhin – fighting, warrior
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun from √yudh (to fight)
  Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies naravyāghrāḥ.

प्रतर्दनम् (pratardanam) - Pratardana (name of a king)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pratardana

pratardana - Pratardana (a proper name, often a king)

समाजघ्नुः (samājaghnuḥ) - they attacked (they struck, they attacked, they killed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of samāhan

perfect 3rd plural

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: han (class 2)

शरवर्षैः (śaravarṣaiḥ) - with showers of arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śaravarṣa

śaravarṣa - shower of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, shower
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

उदायुधाः (udāyudhāḥ) - with uplifted weapons, having raised weapons

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of udāyudha

udāyudha - having uplifted weapons

Compound type : bahuvrihi (ud+āyudha)

• ud – up, upwards
  indeclinable
• āyudha – weapon, implement
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies naravyāghrāḥ.