महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-31, verse-12

तं तु हत्वा नरवरं हेहयास्ते महारथाः ।
प्रतिजग्मुः पुरीं रम्यां वत्सानामकुतोभयाः ॥१२॥

12. taṁ tu hatvā naravaraṁ hehayāste mahārathāḥ ,
pratijagmuḥ purīṁ ramyāṁ vatsānāmakutobhayāḥ.

12. tam tu hatvā naravaram hehayāḥ te mahārathāḥ
pratijagmuḥ purīm ramyām vatsānām akutobhayāḥ

12. Those great chariot-warriors, the Haihayas, having killed that excellent man, returned fearlessly to the beautiful city of the Vatsas.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• तु (tu) - indeed, but, however

• हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed

• नरवरम् (naravaram) - best of men, excellent man

• हेहयाः (hehayāḥ) - the Haihayas (a lineage of kings)

• ते (te) - those

• महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great chariot-warriors

• प्रतिजग्मुः (pratijagmuḥ) - they returned

• पुरीम् (purīm) - to the city

• रम्याम् (ramyām) - beautiful, charming, delightful

• वत्सानाम् (vatsānām) - of the Vatsas

• अकुतोभयाः (akutobhayāḥ) - fearless, having no fear from any quarter

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the 'excellent man' (naravaram).

तु (tu) - indeed, but, however

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed

(indeclinable)

absolutive

formed from root han + suffix -tvā

Root: han (class 2)

नरवरम् (naravaram) - best of men, excellent man

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of naravara

naravara - best of men, excellent man, chief among men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+vara)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• vara – best, excellent, boon, choice
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Object of 'hatvā'.

हेहयाः (hehayāḥ) - the Haihayas (a lineage of kings)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hehaya

hehaya - Haihaya (name of an ancient lineage/tribe)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

ते (te) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'hehayāḥ'.

महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great chariot-warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great chariot-warrior, a hero who can fight 10,000 archers

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, car, warrior (in some contexts)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to 'hehayāḥ'.

प्रतिजग्मुः (pratijagmuḥ) - they returned

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of prati-gam

perfect tense, 3rd person plural

root gam, perfect tense, with upasarga prati-

Prefix: prati

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Verb for the Haihayas.

पुरीम् (purīm) - to the city

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of purī

purī - city, town, fortress

Note: Object of motion for 'pratijagmuḥ'.

रम्याम् (ramyām) - beautiful, charming, delightful

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ramya

ramya - beautiful, charming, delightful, pleasant

gerundive/future passive participle

from root ram + -ya

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying 'purīm'.

वत्सानाम् (vatsānām) - of the Vatsas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vatsa

vatsa - a calf, offspring, name of a people/lineage

Note: Possessive, describing 'purīm'.

अकुतोभयाः (akutobhayāḥ) - fearless, having no fear from any quarter

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of akutobhaya

akutobhaya - fearless, having no danger from any quarter

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+kutaḥ+bhaya)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• kutaḥ – whence, from where
  indeclinable
• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective modifying 'hehayāḥ'.