महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-31, verse-28

तत इष्टिं चकारर्षिस्तस्य वै पुत्रकामिकीम् ।
अथास्य तनयो जज्ञे प्रतर्दन इति श्रुतः ॥२८॥

28. tata iṣṭiṁ cakārarṣistasya vai putrakāmikīm ,
athāsya tanayo jajñe pratardana iti śrutaḥ.

28. tataḥ iṣṭim cakāra ṛṣiḥ tasya vai putrakāmikīm
atha asya tanayaḥ jajñe pratardanaḥ iti śrutaḥ

28. tataḥ ṛṣiḥ tasya putrakāmikīm iṣṭim cakāra
atha asya tanayaḥ pratardanaḥ iti śrutaḥ jajñe

28. Then, the sage performed a Vedic ritual (iṣṭi) for him, desiring a son. Subsequently, his son, known as Pratardana, was born.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, therefrom, afterwards)

• इष्टिम् (iṣṭim) - a Vedic ritual (iṣṭi) (offering, Vedic ritual, desire)

• चकार (cakāra) - performed (performed, made, did)

• ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - the sage (referring to a specific sage in the narrative) (sage, seer)

• तस्य (tasya) - for him (referring to the king) (his, for him, of that)

• वै (vai) - indeed, verily, certainly (emphatic particle)

• पुत्रकामिकीम् (putrakāmikīm) - desiring a son (modifying the ritual) (desiring a son)

• अथ (atha) - subsequently (then, now, thereupon)

• अस्य (asya) - his (referring to the king) (his, of this)

• तनयः (tanayaḥ) - son (son, offspring)

• जज्ञे (jajñe) - was born (was born, originated)

• प्रतर्दनः (pratardanaḥ) - the son named Pratardana (Pratardana (proper noun))

• इति (iti) - named as (thus, so, in this manner, named)

• श्रुतः (śrutaḥ) - renowned, known (heard, renowned, known)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, therefrom, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

ablative of 'tad' used as an indeclinable

इष्टिम् (iṣṭim) - a Vedic ritual (iṣṭi) (offering, Vedic ritual, desire)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of iṣṭi

iṣṭi - Vedic ritual, sacrifice, offering, wish, desire

from root yaj (to worship, sacrifice)

Root: yaj (class 1)

चकार (cakāra) - performed (performed, made, did)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of kṛ

perfect active

root kṛ (8th class, tanādi, but also other classes) in perfect tense

Root: kṛ (class 8)

ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - the sage (referring to a specific sage in the narrative) (sage, seer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - seer, sage, inspired poet

Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

तस्य (tasya) - for him (referring to the king) (his, for him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used here in a dative sense ('for him').

वै (vai) - indeed, verily, certainly (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

पुत्रकामिकीम् (putrakāmikīm) - desiring a son (modifying the ritual) (desiring a son)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of putrakāmikin

putrakāmikin - desiring a son

from putra (son) + kāma (desire) + -in (possessive/adjective suffix)

Compound type : tatpurusha (putra+kāma)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
  from root kam (to desire)
  Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `iṣṭim`.

अथ (atha) - subsequently (then, now, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - his (referring to the king) (his, of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

तनयः (tanayaḥ) - son (son, offspring)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tanaya

tanaya - son, offspring

from root tan (to stretch, extend, produce)

Root: tan (class 8)

जज्ञे (jajñe) - was born (was born, originated)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of jan

perfect middle

root jan (4th class, divādi) in perfect tense, middle voice

Root: jan (class 4)

प्रतर्दनः (pratardanaḥ) - the son named Pratardana (Pratardana (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratardana

pratardana - Pratardana (a proper name, lit. 'harassing, tormenting')

from pra-tṛd (to cleave, split, harass)

Prefix: pra

Root: tṛd (class 7)

इति (iti) - named as (thus, so, in this manner, named)

(indeclinable)

श्रुतः (śrutaḥ) - renowned, known (heard, renowned, known)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śruta

śruta - heard, revealed, renowned, famous

past passive participle

from root śru (to hear)

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Agrees with `tanayaḥ` and `pratardanaḥ`.