महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-31, verse-19

तत्र तं राजशार्दूलं निवसन्तं महीपतिम् ।
आगत्य हेहया भूयः पर्यधावन्त भारत ॥१९॥

19. tatra taṁ rājaśārdūlaṁ nivasantaṁ mahīpatim ,
āgatya hehayā bhūyaḥ paryadhāvanta bhārata.

19. tatra tam rājaśārdūlam nivasantam mahīpatim
āgatya hehayāḥ bhūyaḥ paryadhāvanta bhārata

19. bhārata (he),
tatra nivasantam tam rājaśārdūlam mahīpatim āgatya hehayāḥ bhūyaḥ paryadhāvanta

19. O Bhārata, having arrived there, the Hehayas repeatedly attacked that king, the tiger among rulers, as he resided there.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - in that place (Vārāṇasī) (there, then)

• तम् (tam) - that king (Divodāsa) (him, that)

• राजशार्दूलम् (rājaśārdūlam) - that king (Divodāsa) who was a tiger among rulers (the tiger among kings, excellent king)

• निवसन्तम् (nivasantam) - that king (Divodāsa) who was dwelling/residing there (dwelling, residing)

• महीपतिम् (mahīpatim) - Divodāsa, the lord of the earth (the lord of the earth, king)

• आगत्य (āgatya) - having come, approaching

• हेहयाः (hehayāḥ) - the Hehayas (a tribe/clan)

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, repeatedly, further

• पर्यधावन्त (paryadhāvanta) - the Hehayas attacked the king (attacked, assaulted, besieged)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (common address in Mahābhārata) (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - in that place (Vārāṇasī) (there, then)

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - that king (Divodāsa) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राजशार्दूलम् (rājaśārdūlam) - that king (Divodāsa) who was a tiger among rulers (the tiger among kings, excellent king)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājaśārdūla

rājaśārdūla - tiger among kings, excellent king (an idiom for a great king)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+śārdūla)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• śārdūla – tiger (used as a superlative, 'best of')
  noun (masculine)

निवसन्तम् (nivasantam) - that king (Divodāsa) who was dwelling/residing there (dwelling, residing)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nivasat

nivasat - dwelling, residing (present active participle)

Present Active Participle

Derived from root vas with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: vas (class 1)

महीपतिम् (mahīpatim) - Divodāsa, the lord of the earth (the lord of the earth, king)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahīpati

mahīpati - lord of the earth, king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+pati)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

आगत्य (āgatya) - having come, approaching

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root gam with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

हेहयाः (hehayāḥ) - the Hehayas (a tribe/clan)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hehaya

hehaya - Name of an ancient clan or people

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, repeatedly, further

(indeclinable)

पर्यधावन्त (paryadhāvanta) - the Hehayas attacked the king (attacked, assaulted, besieged)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of paridhāva

Imperfect Active Voice

3rd person plural, imperfect tense, active voice, from root dhāv with prefix pari

Prefix: pari

Root: dhāv (class 1)

भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (common address in Mahābhārata) (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, belonging to Bharata, India