महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-31, verse-60

तमसश्च प्रकाशोऽभूत्तनयो द्विजसत्तमः ।
प्रकाशस्य च वागिन्द्रो बभूव जयतां वरः ॥६०॥

60. tamasaśca prakāśo'bhūttanayo dvijasattamaḥ ,
prakāśasya ca vāgindro babhūva jayatāṁ varaḥ.

60. tamasaḥ ca prakāśaḥ abhūt tanayaḥ dvijasattamaḥ
| prakāśasya ca vāgindraḥ babhūva jayatām varaḥ

60. dvijasattamaḥ tamasaḥ ca prakāśaḥ tanayaḥ abhūt
prakāśasya ca vāgindraḥ jayatām varaḥ babhūva

60. From Tamas, Prakasha was born as his son, O foremost among brahmins. And from Prakasha, Vagindra, the best among conquerors, came into being.

Words meanings summery:

• तमसः (tamasaḥ) - from Tamas (a proper name) (from Tamas, of Tamas)

• च (ca) - and, also

• प्रकाशः (prakāśaḥ) - Prakasha (proper name)

• अभूत् (abhūt) - was born, came into being (was, became)

• तनयः (tanayaḥ) - son, offspring

• द्विजसत्तमः (dvijasattamaḥ) - O foremost among brahmins (addressing the listener) (O best among the twice-born, O foremost brahmin)

• प्रकाशस्य (prakāśasya) - of Prakasha

• च (ca) - and, also

• वागिन्द्रः (vāgindraḥ) - Vagindra (proper name)

• बभूव (babhūva) - came into being (was, became)

• जयताम् (jayatām) - among conquerors (of those who conquer, among conquerors)

• वरः (varaḥ) - the best (best, excellent)

Words meanings and morphology

तमसः (tamasaḥ) - from Tamas (a proper name) (from Tamas, of Tamas)

(proper noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, ignorance, a proper name (Tamas)

Note: Can also be genitive, but ablative fits 'from' in this context.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

प्रकाशः (prakāśaḥ) - Prakasha (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prakāśa

prakāśa - light, brightness, manifestation, fame, a proper name (Prakasha)

From pra-√kāś (to shine forth)

Prefix: pra

Root: kāś (class 1)

अभूत् (abhūt) - was born, came into being (was, became)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past (aorist) (luṅ) of bhū

Aorist

From root bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Aorist form, 3rd person singular.

तनयः (tanayaḥ) - son, offspring

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tanaya

tanaya - son, offspring

From root tan (to stretch, extend, procreate)

Root: tan (class 8)

द्विजसत्तमः (dvijasattamaḥ) - O foremost among brahmins (addressing the listener) (O best among the twice-born, O foremost brahmin)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijasattama

dvijasattama - best among the twice-born (brahmins, kshatriyas, vaishyas), best among brahmins

Superlative compound of dvija and sattama

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvija+sattama)

• dvija – twice-born (a member of the first three varnas), brahmin, bird, tooth
  noun (masculine)
  From dvi (two) + ja (born)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama

प्रकाशस्य (prakāśasya) - of Prakasha

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of prakāśa

prakāśa - light, brightness, manifestation, fame, a proper name (Prakasha)

From pra-√kāś (to shine forth)

Prefix: pra

Root: kāś (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

वागिन्द्रः (vāgindraḥ) - Vagindra (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāgindra

vāgindra - lord of speech, a proper name (Vagindra)

Compound of vāc (speech) + indra (lord)

Compound type : tatpurusha (vāc+indra)

• vāc – speech, voice, word
  noun (feminine)
• indra – Indra (name of a deity), chief, lord
  noun (masculine)

बभूव (babhūva) - came into being (was, became)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhū

Perfect

From root bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Perfect tense, 3rd person singular.

जयताम् (jayatām) - among conquerors (of those who conquer, among conquerors)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of jayat

jayat - conquering, victorious, a conqueror

Present Active Participle

From root ji (to conquer) with śatṛ suffix

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Genitive plural of the present active participle `jayat`.

वरः (varaḥ) - the best (best, excellent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, choice, boon, bridegroom

From root vṛ (to choose)

Root: vṛ (class 5)