महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-31, verse-5

भीष्म उवाच ।
शृणु राजन्यथा राजा वीतहव्यो महायशाः ।
क्षत्रियः सन्पुनः प्राप्तो ब्राह्मण्यं लोकसत्कृतम् ॥५॥

5. bhīṣma uvāca ,
śṛṇu rājanyathā rājā vītahavyo mahāyaśāḥ ,
kṣatriyaḥ sanpunaḥ prāpto brāhmaṇyaṁ lokasatkṛtam.

5. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca śṛṇu rājan yathā rājā vītahavyaḥ mahāyaśāḥ
kṣatriyaḥ san punaḥ prāptaḥ brāhmaṇyam lokasatkṛtam

5. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca rājan śṛṇu yathā mahāyaśāḥ rājā vītahavyaḥ
kṣatriyaḥ san punaḥ lokasatkṛtam brāhmaṇyam prāptaḥ

5. Bhishma said: Listen, O King, how the highly renowned King Vītahavya, though a kshatriya, again attained brahminhood, which is revered in the world.

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (the speaker) (Bhishma (proper noun))

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen!, hear!

• राजन् (rājan) - O king (addressing Dhritarashtra or another king) (O king)

• यथा (yathā) - how (as, just as, how)

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• वीतहव्यः (vītahavyaḥ) - King Vītahavya (a proper name) (Vītahavya (proper noun); one who has performed all Vedic fire rituals (homas))

• महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - greatly famous, highly renowned, illustrious

• क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - a kshatriya (member of the warrior class)

• सन् (san) - being (a kshatriya) (being, existing)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more, moreover

• प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - obtained, reached, attained

• ब्राह्मण्यम् (brāhmaṇyam) - brahminhood, the state or quality of being a brahmin

• लोकसत्कृतम् (lokasatkṛtam) - brahminhood which is revered in the world (honored by the people, revered in the world)

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (the speaker) (Bhishma (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a character in the Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen!, hear!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

राजन् (rājan) - O king (addressing Dhritarashtra or another king) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

यथा (yathā) - how (as, just as, how)

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

वीतहव्यः (vītahavyaḥ) - King Vītahavya (a proper name) (Vītahavya (proper noun); one who has performed all Vedic fire rituals (homas))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vītahavya

vītahavya - Vītahavya (a proper name); one whose offerings are consumed

compound of vīta (consumed) and havya (offering)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vīta+havya)

• vīta – gone, departed, disappeared, consumed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root 'i' with 'vi'
  Prefix: vi
  Root: i (class 2)
• havya – offering, oblation (especially into fire)
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  from root 'hu'
  Root: hu (class 3)

महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - greatly famous, highly renowned, illustrious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāyaśas

mahāyaśas - greatly famous, highly renowned

compound of mahā and yaśas

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+yaśas)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• yaśas – fame, glory, renown
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to Vītahavya

क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - a kshatriya (member of the warrior class)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - a member of the warrior class, ruler, noble

सन् (san) - being (a kshatriya) (being, existing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, good, true, real

Present Active Participle

from root 'as' + śatṛ

Root: as (class 2)

Note: present active participle of 'as' (to be)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more, moreover

(indeclinable)

प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - obtained, reached, attained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, attained

Past Passive Participle

from pra-āp + kta

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: past passive participle of pra-āp

ब्राह्मण्यम् (brāhmaṇyam) - brahminhood, the state or quality of being a brahmin

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of brāhmaṇya

brāhmaṇya - brahminhood, the status or characteristic of a brahmin

derived from 'brāhmaṇa'

लोकसत्कृतम् (lokasatkṛtam) - brahminhood which is revered in the world (honored by the people, revered in the world)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of lokasatkṛta

lokasatkṛta - honored by people, revered in the world

compound of loka and satkṛta

Compound type : tatpurusha (loka+satkṛta)

• loka – world, people, folk
  noun (masculine)
• satkṛta – honored, respected, well-treated
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from sat-kṛ + kta
  Prefix: sat
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: modifies brāhmaṇyam