महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-26, verse-63

इदं दद्याद्द्विजातीनां साधूनामात्मजस्य वा ।
सुहृदां च जपेत्कर्णे शिष्यस्यानुगतस्य वा ॥६३॥

63. idaṁ dadyāddvijātīnāṁ sādhūnāmātmajasya vā ,
suhṛdāṁ ca japetkarṇe śiṣyasyānugatasya vā.

63. idam dadyāt dvijātīnām sādhūnām ātmajasya vā
suhṛdām ca japet karṇe śiṣyasya anugatasya vā

63. idam dvijātīnām sādhūnām ātmajasya vā dadyāt
suhṛdām ca anugatasya śiṣyasya vā karṇe japet

63. One should give this (teaching) to the twice-born (dvija), to righteous persons (sādhu), or to one's own son (ātmaja). One should also recite it in the ear of friends or an obedient disciple.

Words meanings summery:

• इदम् (idam) - this (teaching/text) (this, this (text/teaching))

• दद्यात् (dadyāt) - should give (should give, may give)

• द्विजातीनाम् (dvijātīnām) - to the twice-born (dvija) (of the twice-born, of Brahmins)

• साधूनाम् (sādhūnām) - to righteous persons (sādhu) (of righteous persons, of good people, of ascetics)

• आत्मजस्य (ātmajasya) - of one's own son (ātmaja) (of one's son, of oneself-born)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• सुहृदाम् (suhṛdām) - of friends (of friends, of well-wishers)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• जपेत् (japet) - should recite (should recite, should mutter)

• कर्णे (karṇe) - in the ear

• शिष्यस्य (śiṣyasya) - of an obedient disciple (of a disciple)

• अनुगतस्य (anugatasya) - of an obedient/devoted (disciple) (of one who follows, of an obedient one, of a devoted one)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

Words meanings and morphology

इदम् (idam) - this (teaching/text) (this, this (text/teaching))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here, now

Note: Can be nominative or accusative singular neuter. Context suggests accusative.

दद्यात् (dadyāt) - should give (should give, may give)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of dā

optative mood

3rd class verb, active voice

Root: dā (class 3)

द्विजातीनाम् (dvijātīnām) - to the twice-born (dvija) (of the twice-born, of Brahmins)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dvijāti

dvijāti - twice-born, a Brahmin, a Kshatriya, a Vaishya

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dvi+jāti)

• dvi – two, twice
  indeclinable
• jāti – birth, lineage, caste
  noun (feminine)
  from root jan
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Used in dative sense here (to whom it should be given).

साधूनाम् (sādhūnām) - to righteous persons (sādhu) (of righteous persons, of good people, of ascetics)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sādhu

sādhu - good, righteous, virtuous, holy man, ascetic

Root: sādh

Note: Used in dative sense here (to whom it should be given).

आत्मजस्य (ātmajasya) - of one's own son (ātmaja) (of one's son, of oneself-born)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātmaja

ātmaja - son, born from oneself

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+ja)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit
  noun (masculine)
• ja – born from, produced from
  adjective
  derivative from root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Used in dative sense here (to whom it should be given).

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

सुहृदाम् (suhṛdām) - of friends (of friends, of well-wishers)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of suhṛd

suhṛd - friend, well-wisher

Note: Used in dative sense here.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

जपेत् (japet) - should recite (should recite, should mutter)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of jap

optative mood

1st class verb, active voice

Root: jap (class 1)

कर्णे (karṇe) - in the ear

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - ear

शिष्यस्य (śiṣyasya) - of an obedient disciple (of a disciple)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śiṣya

śiṣya - pupil, student, disciple

agent noun

from root śās (to teach), with suffix -ya

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Used in dative sense here.

अनुगतस्य (anugatasya) - of an obedient/devoted (disciple) (of one who follows, of an obedient one, of a devoted one)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of anugata

anugata - followed, accompanied, obedient, devoted

Past Passive Participle

from verb `anugam` (to follow)

Prefix: anu

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'śiṣyasya'.

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)