महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-26, verse-16

महाश्रम उपस्पृश्य योऽग्निहोत्रपरः शुचिः ।
एकमासं निराहारः सिद्धिं मासेन स व्रजेत् ॥१६॥

16. mahāśrama upaspṛśya yo'gnihotraparaḥ śuciḥ ,
ekamāsaṁ nirāhāraḥ siddhiṁ māsena sa vrajet.

16. mahāśrame upaspṛśya yaḥ agnihotraparaḥ śuciḥ
ekamāsam nirāhāraḥ siddhim māsena saḥ vrajet

16. The pure person who, having bathed in Mahashrama, is devoted to the Vedic fire ritual (agnihotra) and fasts for one month, will attain spiritual perfection (siddhi) within that month.

Words meanings summery:

• महाश्रमे (mahāśrame) - in the sacred place called Mahashrama (in a great hermitage, in a great sacred place)

• उपस्पृश्य (upaspṛśya) - having performed a ritual ablution (having touched, having bathed)

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• अग्निहोत्रपरः (agnihotraparaḥ) - diligently practicing the Vedic fire ritual (agnihotra) (devoted to Agnihotra, intent on Agnihotra)

• शुचिः (śuciḥ) - ritually and morally pure (pure, clean, holy)

• एकमासम् (ekamāsam) - for one month

• निराहारः (nirāhāraḥ) - observing a fast (without food, fasting)

• सिद्धिम् (siddhim) - spiritual attainment (siddhi) (accomplishment, success, perfection, spiritual power)

• मासेन (māsena) - within the period of one month (by a month, in a month)

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• व्रजेत् (vrajet) - will attain (may go, should go, would go, may attain)

Words meanings and morphology

महाश्रमे (mahāśrame) - in the sacred place called Mahashrama (in a great hermitage, in a great sacred place)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahāśrama

mahāśrama - a great hermitage, a sacred place, a place of severe austerities

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+āśrama)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• āśrama – hermitage, monastery, a stage of life (āśrama)
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: śram (class 4)

Note: Indicates location.

उपस्पृश्य (upaspṛśya) - having performed a ritual ablution (having touched, having bathed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'spṛś' (class 6) with upasarga 'upa' and absolutive suffix '-ya'.

Prefix: upa

Root: spṛś (class 6)

Note: Describes an action completed before the main verb.

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun, subject of the implied sentence.

अग्निहोत्रपरः (agnihotraparaḥ) - diligently practicing the Vedic fire ritual (agnihotra) (devoted to Agnihotra, intent on Agnihotra)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agnihotrapara

agnihotrapara - devoted to Agnihotra, performing Agnihotra

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (agnihotra+para)

• agnihotra – Agnihotra, a Vedic fire ritual
  noun (neuter)
• para – devoted to, intent on, supreme, ultimate
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject.

शुचिः (śuciḥ) - ritually and morally pure (pure, clean, holy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuci

śuci - pure, clean, holy, bright

Note: Qualifies the implied subject.

एकमासम् (ekamāsam) - for one month

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ekamāsa

ekamāsa - one month

Compound type : dvigu (eka+māsa)

• eka – one, single
  numeral
• māsa – month
  noun (masculine)

Note: Functions as an adverb of duration.

निराहारः (nirāhāraḥ) - observing a fast (without food, fasting)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirāhāra

nirāhāra - without food, fasting, abstinent

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nir+āhāra)

• nir – without, out of, away from
  indeclinable
• āhāra – food, diet, sustenance
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject.

सिद्धिम् (siddhim) - spiritual attainment (siddhi) (accomplishment, success, perfection, spiritual power)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of siddhi

siddhi - accomplishment, success, perfection, supernatural power, spiritual attainment

Root: sidh (class 4)

Note: Object of 'vrajet'.

मासेन (māsena) - within the period of one month (by a month, in a month)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of māsa

māsa - month

Note: Indicates the duration or means by which something is achieved.

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Correlative pronoun to 'yaḥ'.

व्रजेत् (vrajet) - will attain (may go, should go, would go, may attain)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of vraj

Optative

Root 'vraj' (class 1), Parasmaipada, optative mood.

Root: vraj (class 1)

Note: Main verb, expressing a potential or desired outcome.