महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-26, verse-54

पिण्डारक उपस्पृश्य एकरात्रोषितो नरः ।
अग्निष्टोममवाप्नोति प्रभातां शर्वरीं शुचिः ॥५४॥

54. piṇḍāraka upaspṛśya ekarātroṣito naraḥ ,
agniṣṭomamavāpnoti prabhātāṁ śarvarīṁ śuciḥ.

54. piṇḍāraka upaspṛśya ekarātroṣitaḥ naraḥ
agniṣṭomam avāpnoti prabhātām śarvarīm śuciḥ

54. A pure person, having observed a fast for one night until dawn, by performing ritual ablutions at Piṇḍāraka, attains the merit of an Agniṣṭoma (Vedic ritual).

Words meanings summery:

• पिण्डारक (piṇḍāraka) - at Piṇḍāraka (a holy place)

• उपस्पृश्य (upaspṛśya) - having performed ritual ablutions, having touched water (ritually)

• एकरात्रोषितः (ekarātroṣitaḥ) - one who has fasted for one night

• नरः (naraḥ) - man, person

• अग्निष्टोमम् (agniṣṭomam) - the Agniṣṭoma (Vedic ritual)

• अवाप्नोति (avāpnoti) - attains, obtains, reaches

• प्रभाताम् (prabhātām) - dawned, brightened

• शर्वरीम् (śarvarīm) - night

• शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure, clean, holy

Words meanings and morphology

पिण्डारक (piṇḍāraka) - at Piṇḍāraka (a holy place)

(proper noun)

neuter, singular of piṇḍāraka

piṇḍāraka - Piṇḍāraka (name of a holy pilgrimage site)

Note: The form `piṇḍāraka` without case ending is used here adverbially to indicate the location of the action `upaspṛśya`. It implies 'at Piṇḍāraka'.

उपस्पृश्य (upaspṛśya) - having performed ritual ablutions, having touched water (ritually)

(indeclinable)

gerund/absolutive

Formed from root `spṛś` with prefix `upa-`.

Prefix: upa

Root: spṛś (class 6)

एकरात्रोषितः (ekarātroṣitaḥ) - one who has fasted for one night

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ekarātroṣita

ekarātroṣita - having fasted for one night

Compound of 'one night' (`ekarātra`) and 'one who has fasted' (`upoṣita`).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ekarātra+upoṣita)

• ekarātra – one night, a single night
  noun (neuter)
• upoṣita – fasted, stayed near
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `vas` (to dwell, fast) with prefix `upa-`.
  Prefix: upa
  Root: vas (class 1)

नरः (naraḥ) - man, person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human being

अग्निष्टोमम् (agniṣṭomam) - the Agniṣṭoma (Vedic ritual)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of agniṣṭoma

agniṣṭoma - Agniṣṭoma (a particular Vedic fire ritual, the basic form of Soma ritual)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (agni+stoma)

• agni – fire
  noun (masculine)
• stoma – praise, hymn, ritual
  noun (masculine)

अवाप्नोति (avāpnoti) - attains, obtains, reaches

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of āp

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

प्रभाताम् (prabhātām) - dawned, brightened

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of prabhāta

prabhāta - dawned, brightened, morning

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `bhā` with prefix `pra-`.

Prefix: pra

Root: bhā (class 2)

शर्वरीम् (śarvarīm) - night

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śarvarī

śarvarī - night

शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure, clean, holy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuci

śuci - pure, clean, holy