महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-101, verse-61

नागानां दयिता नित्यं पद्मोत्पलविमिश्रिताः ।
तिलान्गुडसुसंपन्नान्भूतानामुपहारयेत् ॥६१॥

61. nāgānāṁ dayitā nityaṁ padmotpalavimiśritāḥ ,
tilānguḍasusaṁpannānbhūtānāmupahārayet.

61. nāgānām dayitāḥ nityam padmotpalavimiśritāḥ
tilān guḍasusaṃpannān bhūtānām upahārayet

61. nityam bhūtānām nāgānām dayitāḥ padmotpalavimiśritāḥ
guḍasusaṃpannān tilān upahārayet

61. One should always offer to the beings (bhūtas) things dear to the nāgas, which are mixed with lotuses and water lilies, as well as sesame seeds well-prepared with jaggery.

Words meanings summery:

• नागानाम् (nāgānām) - of the nāgas (mythical serpent beings) (of serpents, of nāgas)

• दयिताः (dayitāḥ) - offerings dear (to the nāgas) (beloved, dear ones, offerings)

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always (always, constantly, perpetually)

• पद्मोत्पलविमिश्रिताः (padmotpalavimiśritāḥ) - mixed with lotuses and water lilies

• तिलान् (tilān) - sesame seeds

• गुडसुसंपन्नान् (guḍasusaṁpannān) - well-prepared with jaggery

• भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - for beings (bhūtas) (of beings, of creatures, of spirits)

• उपहारयेत् (upahārayet) - one should offer (one should offer, one should cause to bring)

Words meanings and morphology

नागानाम् (nāgānām) - of the nāgas (mythical serpent beings) (of serpents, of nāgas)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nāga

nāga - serpent, snake, elephant, a mythical serpent deity

दयिताः (dayitāḥ) - offerings dear (to the nāgas) (beloved, dear ones, offerings)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of dayitā

dayitā - beloved woman, wife, a dear thing, offering

Note: Syntactically functions as a direct object, but morphologically appears as nominative plural.

नित्यम् (nityam) - always (always, constantly, perpetually)

(indeclinable)

पद्मोत्पलविमिश्रिताः (padmotpalavimiśritāḥ) - mixed with lotuses and water lilies

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of padmotpalavimiśrita

padmotpalavimiśrita - mixed with lotuses (padma) and water lilies (utpala)

Past Passive Participle

Compound formed from padma (lotus) + utpala (water lily) + vimiśrita (mixed). vimiśrita is PPP of vi-śri (to mix).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (padma+utpala+vimiśrita)

• padma – lotus
  noun (neuter)
• utpala – water lily, blue lotus
  noun (neuter)
• vimiśrita – mixed, mingled
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From prefix vi- and root śri (to mix)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: śri (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `dayitāḥ`, hence also morphologically nominative plural, but functions as a direct object in context.

तिलान् (tilān) - sesame seeds

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tila

tila - sesame seed

गुडसुसंपन्नान् (guḍasusaṁpannān) - well-prepared with jaggery

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of guḍasusaṃpanna

guḍasusaṁpanna - well-prepared/enriched with jaggery

Compound: guḍa (jaggery) + su (well) + saṃpanna (prepared/endowed). saṃpanna is PPP of sam-pad.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi or tatpuruṣa (guḍa+su+sampanna)

• guḍa – jaggery, unrefined sugar
  noun (masculine)
• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix/adverb
• saṃpanna – accomplished, endowed with, well-prepared
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From prefix sam- and root pad (to go, attain)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Agrees with tilān.

भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - for beings (bhūtas) (of beings, of creatures, of spirits)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhūta

bhūta - a being, creature, spirit, element; past, become

Past Passive Participle (when adjective)

From root bhū (to be, exist)

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Genitive case indicating recipient, often seen with verbs of giving/offering.

उपहारयेत् (upahārayet) - one should offer (one should offer, one should cause to bring)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of upahṛ

Causative Optative

Causative of upa-hṛ. The root hṛ (to carry, bring) with prefix upa (near, to). Causative stem upahāraya. Optative 3rd person singular.

Prefix: upa

Root: hṛ (class 1)