महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-101, verse-20

देवताभ्यः सुमनसो यो ददाति नरः शुचिः ।
तस्मात्सुमनसः प्रोक्ता यस्मात्तुष्यन्ति देवताः ॥२०॥

20. devatābhyaḥ sumanaso yo dadāti naraḥ śuciḥ ,
tasmātsumanasaḥ proktā yasmāttuṣyanti devatāḥ.

20. devatābhyaḥ sumanasas yaḥ dadāti naraḥ śuciḥ
tasmāt sumanasas proktāḥ yasmāt tuṣyanti devatāḥ

20. yaḥ śuciḥ naraḥ devatābhyaḥ sumanasas dadāti
tasmāt sumanasas proktāḥ yasmāt devatāḥ tuṣyanti

20. Whoever, being a pure person, offers `sumanas` (flowers) to the deities—for this reason, they are called `sumanas`, because the deities are pleased by them.

Words meanings summery:

• देवताभ्यः (devatābhyaḥ) - to the deities (to the deities, for the deities)

• सुमनसस् (sumanasas) - flowers (good-minded, benevolent; flowers, pleasant to the mind)

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever (who, whoever, which)

• ददाति (dadāti) - offers (gives, grants, offers)

• नरः (naraḥ) - person (man, person)

• शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure (pure, clean, holy, virtuous)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - for this reason (therefore, for that reason, from that)

• सुमनसस् (sumanasas) - flowers (good-minded, benevolent; flowers, pleasant to the mind)

• प्रोक्ताः (proktāḥ) - are called, declared (said, declared, proclaimed, spoken)

• यस्मात् (yasmāt) - because (because, since, from which)

• तुष्यन्ति (tuṣyanti) - are pleased (are pleased, satisfied, content)

• देवताः (devatāḥ) - deities (deities, divinities, gods)

Words meanings and morphology

देवताभ्यः (devatābhyaḥ) - to the deities (to the deities, for the deities)

(noun)

Dative, feminine, plural of devatā

devatā - deity, divinity, god

Note: Recipient of the giving.

सुमनसस् (sumanasas) - flowers (good-minded, benevolent; flowers, pleasant to the mind)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of sumanas

sumanas - good-minded, benevolent, cheerful; a flower (literally 'good-minded')

Su (good) + manas (mind)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+manas)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• manas – mind, intellect, thought
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of dadāti.

यः (yaḥ) - whoever (who, whoever, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun, subject of dadāti.

ददाति (dadāti) - offers (gives, grants, offers)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dā

Present Active

Third person singular, present tense, active voice. Reduplicated root.

Root: dā (class 3)

नरः (naraḥ) - person (man, person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, male

Note: Appositive to yaḥ.

शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure (pure, clean, holy, virtuous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuci

śuci - pure, clean, holy, virtuous

Note: Qualifies naraḥ.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - for this reason (therefore, for that reason, from that)

(indeclinable)

Ablative singular of the demonstrative pronoun tad, used adverbially.

Note: Used as a conjunction meaning 'therefore'.

सुमनसस् (sumanasas) - flowers (good-minded, benevolent; flowers, pleasant to the mind)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of sumanas

sumanas - good-minded, benevolent, cheerful; a flower (literally 'good-minded')

Su (good) + manas (mind)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+manas)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• manas – mind, intellect, thought
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of proktāḥ.

प्रोक्ताः (proktāḥ) - are called, declared (said, declared, proclaimed, spoken)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prokta

prokta - said, declared, proclaimed, spoken

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak) with prefix pra-. Feminine plural.

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Used with implicit 'are' to form a passive construction.

यस्मात् (yasmāt) - because (because, since, from which)

(indeclinable)

Ablative singular of the relative pronoun yad, used adverbially.

Note: Used as a conjunction meaning 'because'.

तुष्यन्ति (tuṣyanti) - are pleased (are pleased, satisfied, content)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of tuṣ

Present Active

Third person plural, present tense, active voice. Root tuṣ, class 4P.

Root: tuṣ (class 4)

देवताः (devatāḥ) - deities (deities, divinities, gods)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of devatā

devatā - deity, divinity, god

Note: Subject of tuṣyanti.