महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-101, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
आलोकदानं नामैतत्कीदृशं भरतर्षभ ।
कथमेतत्समुत्पन्नं फलं चात्र ब्रवीहि मे ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
ālokadānaṁ nāmaitatkīdṛśaṁ bharatarṣabha ,
kathametatsamutpannaṁ phalaṁ cātra bravīhi me.

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | ālokadānam nāma etat kīdṛśam bharatarṣabha
| katham etat samutpannam phalam ca atra bravīhi me |

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca bharatarṣabha etat nāma ālokadānam
kīdṛśam etat katham samutpannam atra ca phalam me bravīhi

1. Yudhishthira said: "O best among the Bharatas, what kind of thing is this 'gift of light'? How did it originate, and please tell me its result."

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira, the eldest Pandava brother and king. (Yudhishthira)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• आलोकदानम् (ālokadānam) - the specific ritual or act referred to as 'gift of light' (gift of light, donation of light)

• नाम (nāma) - called 'the gift of light' (named, by name, indeed, as it were)

• एतत् (etat) - this [act/thing] (referring to alokadāna) (this, this one)

• कीदृशम् (kīdṛśam) - of what kind, what sort, how

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - addressing Bhishma, a descendant of Bharata (O best of Bharatas)

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• एतत् (etat) - this [act/thing] (referring to alokadāna) (this, this one)

• समुत्पन्नम् (samutpannam) - how did 'the gift of light' originate? (produced, arisen, originated)

• फलम् (phalam) - the beneficial outcome or consequence of the 'gift of light' (fruit, result, consequence)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अत्र (atra) - in this context or in the present discussion (here, in this matter, in this world)

• ब्रवीहि (bravīhi) - please tell me (tell, speak)

• मे (me) - to me, for me

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira, the eldest Pandava brother and king. (Yudhishthira)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - steady in battle; a proper noun, name of the eldest Pandava

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle, in fight
  indeclinable (feminine)
  Locative singular of yudh (feminine noun 'battle')
• sthira – steady, firm, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect tense, active voice, 3rd person singular

Derived from root vac (to speak), perfect tense form.

Root: vac (class 2)

आलोकदानम् (ālokadānam) - the specific ritual or act referred to as 'gift of light' (gift of light, donation of light)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ālokadāna

ālokadāna - gift of light

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āloka+dāna)

• āloka – light, sight, seeing
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: lok (class 10)
• dāna – gift, giving, donation
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root dā (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)

नाम (nāma) - called 'the gift of light' (named, by name, indeed, as it were)

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this [act/thing] (referring to alokadāna) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etas

etas - this

कीदृशम् (kīdṛśam) - of what kind, what sort, how

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kīdṛśa

kīdṛśa - of what kind, what sort, how

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - addressing Bhishma, a descendant of Bharata (O best of Bharatas)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - bull among Bharatas, best of Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, a Bharata
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, pre-eminent
  noun (masculine)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this [act/thing] (referring to alokadāna) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etas

etas - this

समुत्पन्नम् (samutpannam) - how did 'the gift of light' originate? (produced, arisen, originated)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of samutpanna

samutpanna - produced, arisen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root pad (to go, move) with prefixes sam- and ut-.

Prefixes: sam+ut

Root: pad (class 4)

फलम् (phalam) - the beneficial outcome or consequence of the 'gift of light' (fruit, result, consequence)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अत्र (atra) - in this context or in the present discussion (here, in this matter, in this world)

(indeclinable)

ब्रवीहि (bravīhi) - please tell me (tell, speak)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of brū

imperative mood, active voice, 2nd person singular

Derived from root brū (to speak), imperative mood form.

Root: brū (class 2)

मे (me) - to me, for me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of mad

mad - I, me

Note: Enclitic form of mad (I)