महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-101, verse-39

निर्यासाः सल्लकीवर्ज्या देवानां दयितास्तु ते ।
गुग्गुलुः प्रवरस्तेषां सर्वेषामिति निश्चयः ॥३९॥

39. niryāsāḥ sallakīvarjyā devānāṁ dayitāstu te ,
gugguluḥ pravarasteṣāṁ sarveṣāmiti niścayaḥ.

39. niryāsāḥ sallakī-varjyā devānām dayitāḥ tu te
| gugguluḥ pravaraḥ teṣām sarveṣām iti niścayaḥ

39. sallakī-varjyā niryāsāḥ devānām dayitāḥ tu te gugguluḥ teṣām sarveṣām pravaraḥ iti niścayaḥ.

39. Natural resins, with the exception of sallakī, are indeed beloved by the gods. Guggulu is the foremost among all of them; this is the definite conclusion.

Words meanings summery:

• निर्यासाः (niryāsāḥ) - natural resins (resins, exudations, gums)

• सल्लकी-वर्ज्या (sallakī-varjyā) - with the exception of sallakī (excluding sallakī, except for sallakī)

• देवानाम् (devānām) - by the gods (of the gods)

• दयिताः (dayitāḥ) - beloved (beloved, dear, liked)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

• ते (te) - they (the resins) (those, they)

• गुग्गुलुः (gugguluḥ) - guggulu (guggul, a fragrant gum resin)

• प्रवरः (pravaraḥ) - foremost (chief, excellent, best, foremost)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - among them (of them, among them)

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - among all (of all, among all)

• इति (iti) - this (is) (thus, in this manner, indicates conclusion)

• निश्चयः (niścayaḥ) - definite conclusion (certainty, conviction, definite conclusion)

Words meanings and morphology

निर्यासाः (niryāsāḥ) - natural resins (resins, exudations, gums)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niryāsa

niryāsa - resin, exudation, gum

Prefix: nir

Root: yas (class 4)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

सल्लकी-वर्ज्या (sallakī-varjyā) - with the exception of sallakī (excluding sallakī, except for sallakī)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sallakī-varjya

sallakī-varjya - to be excluded/avoided, exception of sallakī

Compound type : tatpurusha (sallakī+varjya)

• sallakī – Boswellia serrata (Indian frankincense tree)
  proper noun (feminine)
• varjya – to be avoided, excluded, forbidden
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive/N-PPP
  From root 'vṛj' (to avoid)
  Root: vṛj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with niryāsāḥ in number and implied gender.

देवानाम् (devānām) - by the gods (of the gods)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Possessive or dative-like usage with dayitāḥ.

दयिताः (dayitāḥ) - beloved (beloved, dear, liked)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dayita

dayita - beloved, dear, liked, cherished

Past Passive Participle

From root 'day' (to love, to pity)

Root: day (class 1)

Note: Agrees with niryāsāḥ.

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle for emphasis or contrast.

ते (te) - they (the resins) (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers back to niryāsāḥ.

गुग्गुलुः (gugguluḥ) - guggulu (guggul, a fragrant gum resin)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guggulu

guggulu - guggul, Indian bdellium (Commiphora wightii), a fragrant gum resin

Note: Subject of the second clause.

प्रवरः (pravaraḥ) - foremost (chief, excellent, best, foremost)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pravara

pravara - chief, excellent, best, foremost

From pra-vṛ (to choose)

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Predicate adjective for gugguluḥ.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - among them (of them, among them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the various resins.

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - among all (of all, among all)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with teṣām.

इति (iti) - this (is) (thus, in this manner, indicates conclusion)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces or marks a conclusion.

निश्चयः (niścayaḥ) - definite conclusion (certainty, conviction, definite conclusion)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niścaya

niścaya - certainty, conviction, definite conclusion, determination

Prefix: ni

Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Predicate noun for iti.