महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-101, verse-46

अन्धं तमस्तमिस्रं च दक्षिणायनमेव च ।
उत्तरायणमेतस्माज्ज्योतिर्दानं प्रशस्यते ॥४६॥

46. andhaṁ tamastamisraṁ ca dakṣiṇāyanameva ca ,
uttarāyaṇametasmājjyotirdānaṁ praśasyate.

46. andham tamaḥ tamisram ca dakṣiṇāyanam eva ca
| uttarāyaṇam etasmāt jyotiḥ dānam praśasyate

46. andham tamaḥ tamisram ca dakṣiṇāyanam eva ca
etasmāt uttarāyaṇam jyotiḥ dānam praśasyate

46. Blind darkness, profound gloom, and the southern solstice (dakṣiṇāyanam) are associated with obscurity. Therefore, on account of the northern solstice (uttarāyaṇam), the giving of light (jyotis) is praised.

Words meanings summery:

• अन्धम् (andham) - blind (dark) (blind, dark, obscure, deprived of light)

• तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness (darkness, gloom, ignorance, quality of inertia (tamas))

• तमिस्रम् (tamisram) - profound gloom (deep gloom, utter darkness, dark night)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• दक्षिणायनम् (dakṣiṇāyanam) - southern solstice (dakṣiṇāyanam) (southern solstice, period of the sun's southward course)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, certainly, just)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• उत्तरायणम् (uttarāyaṇam) - northern solstice (uttarāyaṇam) (northern solstice, period of the sun's northward course)

• एतस्मात् (etasmāt) - therefore, on account of this (referring to the preceding context of darkness) (from this, on account of this, therefore)

• ज्योतिः (jyotiḥ) - light (jyotis) (light, radiance, splendor)

• दानम् (dānam) - the giving (giving, donation, offering)

• प्रशस्यते (praśasyate) - is praised (is praised, is commended, is extolled)

Words meanings and morphology

अन्धम् (andham) - blind (dark) (blind, dark, obscure, deprived of light)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of andha

andha - blind, dark, obscure, deprived of light, darkness

तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness (darkness, gloom, ignorance, quality of inertia (tamas))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom, ignorance, inertness, the quality of inertia (tamas)

तमिस्रम् (tamisram) - profound gloom (deep gloom, utter darkness, dark night)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tamisra

tamisra - dark, gloomy, deep gloom, utter darkness, dark night

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

दक्षिणायनम् (dakṣiṇāyanam) - southern solstice (dakṣiṇāyanam) (southern solstice, period of the sun's southward course)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dakṣiṇāyana

dakṣiṇāyana - southern course, southern solstice, the period of the sun's progress south of the equator

Compound type : tatpurusha (dakṣiṇa+ayana)

• dakṣiṇa – southern, right, clever, capable
  adjective (neuter)
• ayana – going, path, course, movement
  noun (neuter)
  nominalization
  From √i (to go) + ana
  Root: √i (class 2)

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, certainly, just)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

उत्तरायणम् (uttarāyaṇam) - northern solstice (uttarāyaṇam) (northern solstice, period of the sun's northward course)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of uttarāyaṇa

uttarāyaṇa - northern course, northern solstice, the period of the sun's progress north of the equator

Compound type : tatpurusha (uttara+ayana)

• uttara – northern, upper, later, subsequent, superior
  adjective (neuter)
• ayana – going, path, course, movement
  noun (neuter)
  nominalization
  From √i (to go) + ana
  Root: √i (class 2)

एतस्मात् (etasmāt) - therefore, on account of this (referring to the preceding context of darkness) (from this, on account of this, therefore)

(indeclinable)

Note: Ablative form of the demonstrative pronoun etad, used adverbially.

ज्योतिः (jyotiḥ) - light (jyotis) (light, radiance, splendor)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jyotis

jyotis - light, brilliance, radiance, star, celestial body, fire, flame

दानम् (dānam) - the giving (giving, donation, offering)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dāna

dāna - giving, donation, gift, liberality

nominalization

From √dā + ana

Root: √dā (class 3)

प्रशस्यते (praśasyate) - is praised (is praised, is commended, is extolled)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of praśaṃs

Passive voice form of √śaṃs with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: √śaṃs (class 1)