महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-273, verse-59

सर्वावस्थं त्वमप्येषां द्विजातीनां प्रियं कुरु ।
इमे हि भूतले देवाः प्रथिताः कुरुनन्दन ॥५९॥

59. sarvāvasthaṁ tvamapyeṣāṁ dvijātīnāṁ priyaṁ kuru ,
ime hi bhūtale devāḥ prathitāḥ kurunandana.

59. sarvāvastham tvam api eṣām dvijātīnām priyam
kuru ime hi bhūtale devāḥ prathitāḥ kurunandana

59. kurunandana tvam api eṣām dvijātīnām sarvāvastham
priyam kuru hi ime bhūtale prathitāḥ devāḥ

59. O delight of the Kurus (kurunandana), you should always act favorably towards these twice-born (dvijāti). For indeed, these are renowned as gods on earth.

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वावस्थम् (sarvāvastham) - always (in all states, in all conditions, always)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• अपि (api) - also (adds slight emphasis to 'you') (also, even, too)

• एषाम् (eṣām) - towards these (implied dative/genitive for 'favorably towards') (of these)

• द्विजातीनाम् (dvijātīnām) - of these twice-born (dvijāti) (of the twice-born)

• प्रियम् (priyam) - favorably (dear, agreeable, pleasant, benefit)

• कुरु (kuru) - act (favorably) (do, make, perform)

• इमे (ime) - these (these (masculine/feminine nominative plural))

• हि (hi) - for indeed (indeed, for, because)

• भूतले (bhūtale) - on earth (on the earth, on the ground)

• देवाः (devāḥ) - gods (gods, divine beings)

• प्रथिताः (prathitāḥ) - renowned (renowned, famous, celebrated)

• कुरुनन्दन (kurunandana) - O delight of the Kurus (kurunandana) (O delight of the Kurus, O son of Kuru)

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वावस्थम् (sarvāvastham) - always (in all states, in all conditions, always)

(indeclinable)

Compound of sarva (all) and avasthā (state). Used adverbially here.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sarva+avasthā)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (masculine)
• avasthā – state, condition, situation
  noun (feminine)
  From ava- + root √sthā (to stand).
  Prefix: ava
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Functions as an adverb modifying 'kuru'.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Subject of the imperative verb 'kuru'.

अपि (api) - also (adds slight emphasis to 'you') (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic or inclusive particle.

एषाम् (eṣām) - towards these (implied dative/genitive for 'favorably towards') (of these)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Refers to the 'dvijātīnām'.

द्विजातीनाम् (dvijātīnām) - of these twice-born (dvijāti) (of the twice-born)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dvijāti

dvijāti - twice-born (a member of the first three varṇas: Brāhmaṇa, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya)

Compound of dvi (two) and jāti (birth).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvi+jāti)

• dvi – two
  indeclinable
• jāti – birth, origin, species, caste
  noun (feminine)
  From root √jan + suffix -ti.
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Object of a favorable action.

प्रियम् (priyam) - favorably (dear, agreeable, pleasant, benefit)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, agreeable, pleasant, benefit

Note: Functions adverbially or as an object 'something dear/favorable'.

कुरु (kuru) - act (favorably) (do, make, perform)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Imperative verb.

इमे (ime) - these (these (masculine/feminine nominative plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Refers to the 'dvijātīnām'.

हि (hi) - for indeed (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Explanatory particle.

भूतले (bhūtale) - on earth (on the earth, on the ground)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of bhūtala

bhūtala - earth's surface, the ground

Compound of bhū (earth) and tala (surface, plain).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhū+tala)

• bhū – earth, ground, land
  noun (feminine)
• tala – surface, plain, bottom, palm
  noun (neuter)

Note: Denotes location.

देवाः (devāḥ) - gods (gods, divine beings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Note: Predicate nominative for 'ime'.

प्रथिताः (prathitāḥ) - renowned (renowned, famous, celebrated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prathita

prathita - renowned, famous, celebrated, spread abroad

past passive participle

Past passive participle from root √prath (to spread, to be famous).

Root: prath (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'ime' and 'devāḥ'.

कुरुनन्दन (kurunandana) - O delight of the Kurus (kurunandana) (O delight of the Kurus, O son of Kuru)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kurunandana

kurunandana - delight of the Kurus (epithet for Yudhiṣṭhira or Arjuna)

Compound of Kuru and nandana (delight, son).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+nandana)

• kuru – Kuru (name of an ancient king and his dynasty)
  proper noun (masculine)
• nandana – delight, son, gladdening
  noun (masculine)
  From root √nand (to rejoice).
  Root: nand (class 1)

Note: Addressed to a Kuru prince.